Prevalence of malnutrition and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS receiving anti-retroviral therapy at Butajira Hospital, southern Ethiopia

Table 2 Clinical profiles and ART status

Variables			Frequency (n)	Percent (%)
Eating difficulty	No		235	77.0
	Yes	Problems	70	23.0
		Loss of appetite	63	20.7
		Vomiting	20	6.6
		Nausea	13	4.3
		Swallowing difficulty	6	2
Gastrointestinal symptoms	No		255	83.6
	Yes	Problems	50	16.4
		Diarrhea	28	9.2
		Indigestion	22	7.2
		Constipation	7	2.7
WHO clinical stage	Stage I		184	60.3
	Stage II		54	17.7
	Stage III		60	19.7
	Stage IV		7	2.3
CD4+ T cell count	<200 cells/μl		51	16.7
	200–350 cells/μl		73	23.9
	351–500 cells/μl		76	24.9
	>500 cells/μl		105	34.4
Anemia status	Normal		220	72.1
Anemia status	Anemic		85	27.9
Current/past OI in the past 6 months	No		178	58.4
	Yes	Problems	127	41.6
		Acute/chronic diarrhea	45	14.8
		Tuberculosis	73	23.9
		Oral thrush	17	5.6
		Oral ulcer	8	2.6
		Pneumonia	8	2.6
		Zoster	3	1.0
		Pneumocystis carinii	1	0.3
ART regimens	1a (d4T + 3TC + NVP)		7	2.3
	1c (AZT + 3TC + NVP)		122	40.0
	1d (AZT + 3TC + EFV)		14	4.6
	1e (TDF + 3TC + EFV)		132	43.3
	1f (TDF + 3TC + NVP)		26	8.5
	2b (TDF + 3TC + LPV/r)		4	1.3
Duration of ART	<6 months		38	12.5
	6–12 months		47	15.4
	1–3 years		53	17.4
	>3 years		167	54.8
Regimen change	No		187	61.3
Regimen change	Yes		118	38.7
Reasons for change	Toxicity/side effect		117	38.4
Reasons for change	New tuberculosis		1	0.3
Drug adherence	Good		277	90.8
Drug adherence	Fair		20	6.6
	Poor		8	2.6

Many patients were on stage I HIV status, one-third had CD4+ T cell count less than 500 cells/μl, and more than half of the patients had a history of opportunistic infection. Many of the patients took ART treatment for more than 3 years but had toxicity/side effect. However, drug adherences for many of the patients were good enough.
AZT zidovudine, d4T stavudine, EFV efavirenz, NVP nevirapine, TDF tenofovir, 3TC lamivudine, LPV/r lopinavir + ritonavir.

ISSN: 2055-0928