Fig. 2

1,25(OH)₂D₃ levels in lung tissue and BALF of ethanol- and DADS-fed mice. Levels of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ in lung tissue and BALF of ethanol, 25(OH)D₃, and DADS-fed mice. a Chronic dietary ethanol exposure reduced lung tissue levels of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ by ~50 %, and dietary consumption of DADS recovered 1,25(OH)₂D₃ by ~85 %. b Chronic dietary ethanol reduced BALF 1,25(OH)₂D₃ levels by ~46 %, and the co-exposure of dietary DADS recovered 1,25(OH)2D3 to control levels. Dietary exposure to higher concentrations of vitamin D3/cholecalciferol (0.25 μg/day) induces the production of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ to more than three times control levels. Ethanol consumption in the higher vitamin D3 reduced 1,25(OH)₂D₃ by ~50 %. N = 7 *p < 0.05 compared to control, #p < 0.05 compared to ethanol, ~p < 0.05 compared to D3 group using one-way ANOVA