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Table 1 Descriptive and nutritional characteristics of the participants by sex

From: Association between sodium excretion and hydration status by Free Water Reserve: a cross-sectional analysis in adolescents

 

Number

Boys

Girls

p

Age (y)a,b

200

14.0 (14.0; 16.0)

14.0 (14.0;16.0)

0.295

Weight (kg)a,b

200

60.0 (51.7; 66.3)

54.4 (47.5; 59.0)

0.001

Height (m)a,b

200

1.69 (1.64; 1.73)

1.61 (1.57; 1.65)

<0.001

Weight status (%)c

200

   

 Normal weight

 

72.0

73.7

<0.001

 Overweight

 

20.7

13.6

 Obese

 

7.3

12.7

FASa,b

200

7.0 (5.0; 8.0)

7.0 (6.0; 8.0)

0.704

Physical Activitya,b

190

14.0 (12.0, 18.0)

17.0 (14.3, 20.0)

<0.001

Total energy (kcal/d)a,b

200

2210.1 (1800.1; 2948.5)

1862.7 (1598.4; 2239.7)

<0.001

Carbohydrates (g/d)a,b

200

264.0 (206.9; 345.1)

238.3 (188.2; 288.3)

0.005

Carbohydrates (%TEI)d,e

200

47.0 ± 7.4

49.4 ± 8.3

0.192

Protein (g/d)a,b

200

90.9 (69.7; 118.1)

72.9 (57.8; 91.1)

<0.001

Protein (%TEI)a,b

200

16.2 (13.9; 18.7)

15.6 (13.5; 18.4)

0.344

Fat (g/d)a,b

200

84.8 (58.2; 117.8)

67.8 (50.5; 81.1)

<0.001

Fat (% TEI)d,e

200

33.8 ± 7.0

32.6 ± 6.7

0.292

Dietary fiber (g/1000 kcal)a,b

200

5.3 (4.3; 7.1)

6.1 (4.8; 8.2)

0.020

Total food (g/d)a,b

200

2475.7 (1873.4; 3070.7)

2207.5 (1710.5; 2609.8)

0.014

Total water (g/d)a,b,f

200

1652.5 (1249.7; 2189.1)

1599.1 (1220.0; 1944.8)

0.216

Caffeine (mg/d)a,b

200

14.8 (1.2; 57.3)

10.4 (0.6; 49.2)

0.574

Sodium (mg/d)a,b,g

200

2845.2 (1866.3; 3449.8)

2145.3 (1527.2; 2779.7)

<0.001

Salt (g/d)a,b,f

200

7.2 (4.7; 8.8)

5.5 (3.9; 7.1)

<0.001

  1. TEI Total Energy Intake, FAS Family Affluence Scale
  2. aValues are medians (P25; P75)
  3. bBetween-sex analysis by Mann–Whitney U test
  4. cAnalysis by χ2 for categorical variables
  5. dValues are means ± SD
  6. eAnalysis by Student t test for continuous variables
  7. fWater from foods, beverages and metabolic water
  8. gEstimated from dietary records without considering household salt, 393 mg sodium = 1 g salt