Evaluation of dietary supplement advertisements in popular Spanish, Chinese, and Korean media outlets: a cross sectional study

Table 2 Median number of total advertisements and percentage of dietary supplement advertisements per day in English, Spanish, Chinese, and Korean media outlets

Language	All Media			Daily Periodicals			Weekly Periodicals			Television
Language	Total ads	% DS Ads	P value*	Total ads	% DS Ads	P value*	Total ads	% DS Ads	P value*	Total ads	% DS Ads	P value*
English	109 (24–371)	0 (0–3.6)	N/A	80 (24–268)	0 (0–0)	N/A	251 (189–371)	0 (0–0)	N/A	109 (94–123)	0 (0–3.6)	N/A
Spanish	15 (9–140)	0 (0–25)	0.25	29 (9–45)	0 (0–2.7)	0.06	119 (11–140)	0.7 (0–0.9)	0.001	11 (9–20)	0 (0–25.0)	0.08
Chinese	122.5 (13–313)	14.8 (0–32.9)	<0.001	247 (157–313)	0.5 (0–1.3)	<0.001	43 (13–75)	18.8 (13.9-28.6)	<0.001	99 (61–128)	24.3 (14.7-32.9)	<0.001
Korean	44 (32–80)	11.4 (0–34.4)	<0.001	44 (39–45)	10.3 (6.7-18.2)	<0.001	37 (35–47)	2.17 (0–14.3)	<0.001	55 (32–80)	26.1 (16.4-34.4)	<0.001

Data are expressed as median (range)
The total ads are a median of total advertisements during each observation period. The % DS ads are a median of % DS ads on each observation
Abbreviations: DS, dietary supplement; ads, advertisements; N/A, not applicable
Comparison of percentage of dietary supplement advertisements among the languages within each media type: all p < 0.0001 by Kruskal-Wallis test
*Pair-wise comparison with English advertisements by Wilcoxon rank sum test

ISSN: 2055-0928