Adequacy of energy, zinc and selenium intakes among adult inpatients receiving total naso-gastric tube feeding admitted to a Copperbelt province Referral Hospital, in Ndola District, Zambia

Table 5 Comparison of nutrient intake and nutrient requirements (nutrient adequacy)

Nutrient	Actual Nutrient intake in previous 24 h	Recommended nutrient intake for 24 h. (HBE and ESPEN requirement)	Paired t-test
Nutrient	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	p-value
Carbohydrate (Cal/day)	210.9 ± 223.9	970.1 ± 144.7	0.010*
Protein (Cal/day)	75.4 ± 80.1	242.5 ± 36.2	0.011*
Fat (Cal/day)	40.2 ± 42.7	404.2 ± 60.3	0.014*
Total energy intake (Cal/day)	326.5 ± 346.7	1616.9 ± 241.2	0.012*
Zinc (mg/day)	0.34 ± 0.24	15.0 ± 12.23	0.017*
Selenium (μg/day)	0.23 ± 0.24	55.0 ± 45.56	0.019*
Quartiles energy intake per 24 h (HBE requirement)	n (%)
Adequate intake (90 to 110 %)	1 (0.88)
Inadequate energy intake (0 to 89 %)	112 (99.12)
1^st (0 to 24.9 %)	79 (69.9)
2^nd (25 to 49.9 %)	24 (21.2)
3^rd (50 to 74.9 %)	8 (7.1)
4^th (75 to 99.9 %)	1 (0.9)
5^th (100 to 124.9 %)	1 (0.9)
Quartiles zinc intake per 24 h (ESPEN requirement)
Adequate intake (11–19 mg)	0 (0)
Inadequate intake (<11 mg)	113 (100)
1^st (0–24.9 %)	113 (100)
2^nd to 5^th (25–124.9 %)	0 (0)
Quartiles selenium intake per 24 h (ESPEN requirement)
Adequate intake (20–70 μg)	0 (0)
Inadequate intake (<20 μg)	113 (100)
1^st (0–24.9 %)	113 (100)
2^nd to 5^th (25–124.9 %)	0 (0)

*Significant at p < 0.05
HBE Harris-Benedict Equations, ESPEN European Society for clinical nutrition and metabolism

ISSN: 2055-0928