Table 4 Factors associated with under-nutrition among HIV-positive adults enrolled in ART clinics in Zimbabwe
Characteristic | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
Area | |||
 Urban | 58 (11.0) | reference | reference |
 Rural | 64 (9.2) | 0.82 (0.56; 1.19) | 0.87 (0.57; 1.32) |
Sex | |||
 Male | 66 (17.1) | reference | reference |
 Female | 56 (6.7) | 0.35 (0.24; 0.51) | 0.31 (0.20; 0.47) |
Age in years | |||
 15–24 | 10 (20.4) | reference | reference |
 25–34 | 29 (10.4) | 0.45 (0.2; 1) | 0.50 (0.21; 1.20) |
 35–44 | 37 (8.0) | 0.34 (0.16; 0.74) | 0.34 (0.15; 0.80) |
 45–54 | 46 (10.7) | 0.47 (0.22; 1.02) | 0.43 (0.19; 0.99) |
Received Food aid | |||
 No | 102 (9.5) | reference | reference |
 Yes | 20 (14.1) | 1.57 (0.94; 2.63) | 1.36 (0.77; 2.39) |
Had difficulty accessing food in the past 30Â days | |||
 No | 72 (8.6) | reference | reference |
 Yes | 50 (13.0) | 1.59 (1.08; 2.33) | 1.67 (1.10; 2.55) |
Experienced diarrhoea in the past 2Â weeks | |||
 No | 97 (9.2) | Reference | reference |
 Yes | 25 (15.6) | 1.84 (1.14; 2.96) | 1.49 (0.89; 2.52) |
ART status and duration in years | |||
 Pre-ART | 11 (12.5) | Reference | reference |
  < 1 | 33 (13.5) | 1.09 (0.53; 2.27) | 0.75 (0.41; 1.39) |
 1–2 | 28 (9.3) | 0.72 (0.34; 1.51) | 0.65 (0.34; 1.21) |
 3–4 | 27 (8.1) | 0.62 (0.29; 1.3) | 0.74 (0.36; 1.54) |
 5–6 | 16 (9.9) | 0.77 (0.34; 1.73) | 0.56 (0.21; 1.45) |
  > 6 | 7 (7.7) | 0.58 (0.22; 1.58) | 1.26 (0.57; 2.81) |
History of TB treatment | |||
 No | 75 (8.5) | Reference | reference |
 Yes | 47 (13.9) | 1.74 (1.18; 2.56) | 1.30 (0.84; 2.01) |
Current WHO stage | |||
 I/II | 28 (6.1) | Reference | reference |
 III/IV | 72 (12.6) | 2.2 (1.4; 3.47) | 2.25 (1.34; 3.77) |
Current CD4 cell counta | |||
  ≤ 50 | 8 (30.8) | reference | reference |
 51–200 | 10 (13.5) | 0.35 (0.12; 1.02) | 0.47 (0.14; 1.51) |
 201–350 | 8 (11.0) | 0.28 (0.09; 0.84) | 0.43 (0.13; 1.45) |
  ≥ 350 | 18 (10.4) | 0.26 (0.10; 0.69) | 0.53 (0.18; 1.56) |