| |
95%
|
Coronary Heart Diseasea
|
|---|
|
Proportion
|
Confidence
|
% yes
|
p-value3
|
|---|
|
%
|
Limits
|
|---|
|
tEFFb (ndSoda, FD, AJ) (n = 1230)
|
|
≤ 3 times /mo
|
43.4%
|
40.3-
|
46.6%
|
3.3%
|
0.044
|
|
1–4 times /wk.
|
31.2%
|
28.1-
|
34.4%
|
5.1%
| |
|
5 times or more /wk.
|
25.4%
|
22.8-
|
28.3%
|
7.9%
| |
|
Non-diet soft drinks (n = 1230)
|
|
≤ 3 times /mo
|
57.8%
|
54.9-
|
60.6%
|
4.1%
|
0.037
|
|
1–4 times /wk.
|
20.8%
|
18.5-
|
23.3%
|
3.9%
| |
|
5 times or more /wk.
|
21.4%
|
18.8-
|
24.3%
|
8.7%
| |
|
Diet soda (n = 1153)
|
|
≤ 3 times /mo
|
56.3%
|
51.9-
|
60.5%
|
6.1%
|
0.406
|
|
1–4 times /wk.
|
15.3%
|
12.4-
|
18.7%
|
3.7%
| |
|
5 times or more /wk.
|
28.4%
|
24.4-
|
32.8%
|
4.3%
| |
|
Diet fruit drinks (n = 881)
|
|
≤ 3 times /mo
|
85.7%
|
81.9-
|
88.9%
|
5.3%
|
0.286
|
|
1–4 times /wk.
|
07.7%
|
05.4-
|
10.9%
|
1.1%
| |
|
5 times or more /wk.
|
06.6%
|
04.7-
|
09.1%
|
5.5%
| |
|
Orange juice (n = 1230)
|
|
≤ 3 times /mo
|
58.7%
|
54.2-
|
63.0%
|
5.9%
|
0.239
|
|
1–4 times /wk.
|
26.2%
|
22.7-
|
30.0%
|
3.2%
| |
|
5 times or more /wk.
|
15.1%
|
12.7-
|
18.0%
|
5.0%
| |
-
aCoronary Heart Disease (CHD) is defined as self-reported current or history of doctor diagnosed CHD and/ or angina pectoris [36]. btEFF refers to total excess free fructose beverages intake which includes any combination of high excess free fructose beverages for the NHANES period of 2003–2006 [35, 36]. This includes average daily intake of caffeinated and caffeine free non-diet soft drinks (ndSoda); non-diet fruit drinks (FD); and naturally high excess free fructose apple juice (AJ) [35, 36]. In 2003–2006 [the NHANES study period], high fructose corn syrup was the main sweetener in US soft drinks [31]. 3) Rao Scott Ҳ2 analysis was used to test for significance of differences in coronary heart disease prevalence by beverage intake frequency. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant and is indicated by italics
