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Table 3 Associations between early and late pregnancy and cord 25OHD and offspring size and adiposity- adjusted analysis

From: An examination of whether associations exist between maternal and neonatal 25OHD and infant size and adiposity at birth, 6–9 months and 2–2.5 years of age – a longitudinal observational study from the ROLO study

Variable

B

SEB

P

R2

F

p

Early pregnancy 25OHD (nmol/L)

 Birthweight (g)

−4.16

1.42

0.004

0.20

7.623

<0.001

 Birth length (cm)

−0.02

0.01

0.023

0.20

6.639

<0.001

aBirth length (cm)

−0.01

0.01

0.123

0.29

9.512

<0.001

 2–2.5 year weight for age z score

−0.11

0.00

<0.001

0.12

4.291

<0.001

Late pregnancy 25OHD (nmol/L)

 Birthweight (g)

−2.51

1.34

0.063

0.18

6.729

<0.001

 Birth length (cm)

−0.02

0.01

0.028

0.15

5.142

<0.001

aBirth length (cm)

−0.01

0.01

0.117

0.29

9.650

<0.001

Neonatal 25OHD (nmol/L)

 Birthweight(g)

−5.92

1.20

<0.001

0.29

10.198

<0.001

 Birth length (cm)

−0.02

0.01

0.006

0.20

5.180

<0.001

aBirth length (cm)

−0.01

0.01

0.244

0.32

9.074

<0.001

 Birth subscapular SFT (mm)

−0.02

0.01

<0.001

0.24

3.534

0.001

 Birth sum of all SFT (mm)

−0.08

0.02

0.001

0.12

2.093

0.043

 Birth sum of subscapular and triceps SFT (mm)

−0.04

0.01

<0.001

0.16

2.501

0.016

  1. SFT skinfold thickness, R 2 adjusted coefficient of multiple determination. Multiple linear regression models for dependent variables at birth were adjusted for season of pregnancy, maternal education, maternal BMI in early pregnancy, any supplement use during pregnancy, maternal smoking, offspring gender and gestational age. aThe association between birth length and 25OHD also controlled for birthweight. Multiple linear regression models for dependent variables at 6–9 months and 2–2.5 years were adjusted for season of pregnancy, maternal education, any supplement use during pregnancy, maternal smoking, offspring gender and age at assessment (weeks), and duration of breastfeeding