Table 3 Serum retinol levels and prevalence of vitamin A deficiency among study participants
From: Effect of green leafy vegetables powder on anaemia and vitamin-A status of Ghanaian school children
Factor | Treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Control | CGLVP | Diffa | P-value* |
|  | n (Mean ± SD) | n (Mean ± SD) |  |  |
Serum retinol concentration (μg/dl) | ||||
 Baseline | 46 (16.79 ± 8.74) | 50 (16.97 ± 7.74) | 0.18 ± 1.01 | 0.907 |
 End-line | 44 (24.35 ± 5.50) | 46 (26.96 ± 6.86) | 2.61 ± 1.36 | 0.065 |
 Difference | 6.57 ± 1.74 | 9.18 ± 1.57 | 2.43a | 0.067 |
 P-value1 | 0.001 | 0.0001 | – | – |
 Effectiveness (%) | 39.1 | 54.1 | 15.0 | – |
Low vitamin A status (serum retinol conc. < 20 μg/dl) (%) | ||||
 Baseline | 60.9 | 66.0 | 5.1 | 0.062 |
 End-line | 15.9 | 13 | −2.9 | 0.084 |
 Difference | −45.0 | −53.0 | −8.0a | 0.056 |
 Effectiveness (%) | −73.9 | −80.3 | −6.4 | – |
Adequate vitamin A status (serum retinol conc. 20- < 50 μg/dl) (%) | ||||
 Baseline | 40.0 | 34.0 | −6.0 | 0.058 |
 End-line | 84.0 | 87.0 | 3.0 | 0.081 |
 Difference | 44.0 | 53.0 | 9.0a | 0.053 |
 Effectiveness (%) | 104.5 | 125.8 | 21.3 | – |