Table 1 Baseline demographic, health and anthropometric characteristics of children in SAM outpatient centers, Niger
Characteristic | N (%) or Mean (SD) | Low dietary diversity | High dietary diversitya |
|---|---|---|---|
N | 2390 | 1676(70.1) | 714(29.9) |
Child characteristics | |||
 Age** | |||
  6–11 months | 845 (35.6) | 637(38.0) | 208(29.1) |
  12–23 months | 1058 (44.3) | 705(42.1) | 353(49.4) |
24–59 months | 487 (20.4) | 334(19.9) | 153(21.4) |
 Male sex* | 1200 (50.1) | 816(48.7) | 384(53.8) |
 Breastfeeding status* | |||
  Exclusive breastfeeding | 19 (0.8) | 12(0.7) | 7(1.0) |
  Partial breastfeeding | 1482 (62.0) | 1074(64.1) | 408(57.1) |
  None | 889 (37.2) | 590(35.2) | 299(41.9) |
Child nutritional status | |||
 Weight for length/height Z-score | −3.1 (0.6) | −3.1(0.6) | − 3.1(0.6) |
  N (%) < -3SD | 1465 (61.3) | 1031(61.5) | 434(60.8) |
 Height-for-Age Z-score | |||
  Mean (SD) | −3.0 (1.2) | −3.0(1.2) | − 3.0(1.2) |
  Z-score below -2SD | 1891 (79.1) | 1329(79.3) | 562(78.7) |
 Mid upper arm circumference, mm | |||
  Mean (SD) | 112 (4.5) | 112(4.5) | 113(4.4) |
  MUAC < 115 mm | 1861(77.9) | 1308(78.0) | 553(77.5) |
Clinical and medical history | |||
 Vitamin A supplementation in last 6 months | 2082 (89.6) | 1451(89.1) | 631(90.9) |
 Measles vaccination* | 1107 (46.8) | 753(45.3) | 354(50.4) |
 Anemia (Haemoglobin less than < 8.5 g/dL) | 690 (28.8) | 478(28.5) | 212(29.7) |
 Fever (temperature > 38.5 degrees Celsius) | 112 (4.7) | 76(4.5) | 36(5.0) |
 Rapid diagnostic test positive for malaria* | 1324 (55.4) | 903(53.9) | 421(59.0) |
 Diarrhoea in the last 24 h | 757 (31.7) | 530(31.6) | 227(31.8) |
 Vomiting in last 24 h | 138 (5.8) | 98(5.9) | 40(5.6) |
 Cough in last 24 h | 387 (16.2) | 277(16.5) | 110(15.4) |
Household Characteristics | |||
 Household size | 7.3 (3.8) | 7.1(3.8) | 7.4(3.9) |
 Children < 5 y | 1.9 (1.2) | 1.9(1.2) | 2.0(1.3) |
 Maternal age, years | 26.9 (6.6) | 26.9(6.6) | 26.9(6.7) |
 Maternal education < complete primary school* | 2334 (97.9) | 1639(98.0) | 695 (97.6) |
 Paternal education < complete primary school* | 2191 (94.5) | 1545(95.3) | 646(92.3) |
Household Socio-economic status | |||
 Main source of energy for cooking is wood or charcoal | 2389(100) | 1675(100) | 714(100) |
 Main source of household sanitation is bucket or bush** | 1517 (63.5) | 1117(66.7) | 400(56.0) |
Household food security score (HFIAS)b | |||
 Lean season (May–August) | 6.5 (5.9) | 7.4(6.0) | 4.0(4.9) |
 Not lean season (September to April) | 5.8 (5.6) | 6.4(5.7) | 4.6(5.2) |