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Table 3 Association of dietary intake and DDS with outcomes at discharge and 12 weeks

From: The role of dietary diversity in the response to treatment of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition among children in Niger: a prospective study

Food group

Program dischargea

12 weeksa

RR

Unadjusted

(95% CI)

RR adjusted

(95% CI)

RR

Unadjusted

(95% CI)

RR adjusted

(95% CI)

Treatment recovery

 Cereals, roots & tubers

1.02(0.97, 1.08)

1.00(0.96, 1.05)

1.01(0.95, 1.07)

0.98(0.94, 1.03)

 Flesh foods

1.00(0.96, 1.04)

1.00(0.97, 1.03)

1.00(0.96, 1.05)

1.00(0.97, 1.03)

 Legumes

1.01(0.98, 1.04)

1.01(0.99, 1.03)

1.01(0.98, 1.04)

1.01(0.98, 1.03)

 Dairy

1.02(0.98, 1.06)

1.00(0.96, 1.04)

1.01(0.97, 1.06)

0.99(0.94, 1.04)

 Eggs

0.98(0.91, 1.06)

0.98(0.93, 1.04)

0.98(0.91, 1.07)

0.98(0.92, 1.04)

 Vitamin A rich fruits & vegetables

1.01(0.99, 1.03)

1.01(0.99, 1.02)

1.01(0.99, 1.03)

1.01(0.99, 1.02)

 Other fruits & vegetables

1.00(0.97, 1.03)

0.99(0.97, 1.01)

1.00(0.96, 1.02)

0.98(0.95, 1.00)

 Fat and oils

1.01(0.98, 1.04)

1.01(0.99, 1.03)

1.01(0.98, 1.04)

1.00(0.98, 1.03)

 Diet diversity score

1.06(1.03, 1.09)**

1.02(0.98, 1.06)

1.04(1.02, 1.08)*

0.96(0.91, 1.02)

Death

 Cereals, roots & tubers

1.08(0.56, 2.10)

1.43(0.69, 2.99)

0.98(0.71, 1.35)

0.99(0.71, 1.39)

 Flesh foods

1.15(0.81, 1.63)

1.16(0.88, 1.53)

0.96(0.72, 1.28)

0.96(0.67, 1.36)

 Legumes

0.94(0.69, 1.28)

0.97(0.80, 1.18)

0.97(0.79, 1.20)

1.01(0.83, 1.24)

 Dairy

0.59(0.28, 1.26)

0.74(0.39, 1.39)

0.91(0.71, 1.18)

0.70 (0.45, 1.10)

 Eggs

0.60(0.24, 1.48)

0.53(0.39, 0.70)**

0.65(0.40, 1.06)

0.66(0.45, 0.96)*

 Vitamin A rich fruits & vegetables

0.91(0.72, 1.14)

1.30(1.08, 1.56)*

0.91(0.79, 1.04)

1.19(1.03, 1.36)*

 Other fruits & vegetables

0.94(0.68, 1.29)

1.01(0.67, 1.53)

1.05(0.85, 1.30)

1.06(0.79, 1.43)

 Fat and oils

0.72(0.51, 1.03)

0.75(0.51, 1.10)

0.98(0.82, 1.17)

0.87(0.68, 1.13)

 Diet diversity score

1.17(0.76, 1.82)

1.54(0.93, 2.55)

0.86 (0.61, 1.21)

0.80(0.54, 1.20)

Transfer to hospital

 Cereals, roots & tubers

0.93(0.87, 1.00)

0.97(0.91, 1.03)

0.98(0.91, 1.05)

1.02(0.95, 1.10)

 Flesh food

1.01(0.94, 1.08)

0.99(0.92, 1.06)

1.00(0.94, 1.07)

1.00(0.94, 1.06)

 Legumes

0.96(0.91, 1.01)

0.96(0.91, 1.02)

0,97(0.92, 1.03)

0.98(0.93, 1.03)

 Dairy

0.96(0.90, 1.02)

0.99(0.92, 1.06)

0.97(0.92, 1.03)

1.01(0.94, 1.07)

 Eggs

1.01(0.90, 1.13)

1.00(0.90, 1.10)

1.00(0.90, 1.12)

1.09(0.97, 1.23)

 Vitamin A rich fruits & vegetables

0.98(0.95, 1.02)

0.99(0.96, 1.03)

1.00(0.97, 1.03)

1.01(0.98, 1.04)

 Other fruits & vegetables

0.99(0.94, 1.04)

1.03(0.98, 1.08)

1.01(0.96, 1.05)

1.04(1.00, 1.09)

 Fat and oils

0.99(0.94, 1.04)

1.01(0.96, 1.05)

0.99(0.94, 1.03)

1.01(0.97, 1.05)

 Diet diversity score

0.89(0.83, 0.95)

0.94(0.86, 1.02)

0.95(0.89, 1.01)

1.02(0.96, 1.09)

  1. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, RR relative risk, *significant at 0.05 level; **significant at < 0.001
  2. aAnalysis excludes 22 children that were exclusively breastfed as they were not expected to consume complementary foods. All food groups were modeled as continuous variables. Covariate selection based on significance in univariate models at p < 0.20. RR for individual food groups reflects association for a 1-day unit increase in consumption and RR for DDS reflects association for a 1 unit increase in DDS
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BMC Nutrition

ISSN: 2055-0928

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