Associations of urinary sodium levels with overweight and central obesity in a population with a sodium intake

BMC Nutrition

Table 4 Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for overweight and central obesity by dietary sodium to potassium ratio and sodium to total calorie ratio among adults and adolescents, Korea National Health Examination and Nutritional Survey (KNHANES), Phase IV-V, 2008-2011

Dietary Na/Calorie ratio^b	Overweight^c		Central obesity^d		Dietary Na/K ratio^b	Overweight^c		Central obesity^d
Dietary Na/Calorie ratio^b	OR (95% CI)	P^e	OR (95% CI)	P^e	Dietary Na/K ratio^b	OR (95% CI)	P^e	OR (95% CI)	P^e
Adults					Adults
1 T (< 1.90)	1.00		1.00		1 T (< 1.29)	1.00		1.00
2 T (1.90-2.80)	1.10 (0.97-1.24)	0.49	1.17 (1.02-1.35)	0.04	2 T (1.29-1.86)	0.95 (0.84-1.08)	0.22	1.07 (0.93-1.22)	0.80
3 T (≥ 2.80)	1.16 (1.03-1.31)	< 0.01	1.12 (0.97-1.29)	0.49	3 T (≥ 1.87)	1.07 (0.94-1.21)	0.06	1.12 (0.98-1.29)	0.08
Adolescents					Adolescents
1 T (< 1.48)	1.00		1.00		1 T (< 1.27)	1.00		1.00
2 T (1.48-2.10)	1.31 (0.83-2.06)	0.74	0.73 (0.38-1.41)	0.13	2 T (1.27-1.75)	1.46 (0.90-2.35)	0.50	1.34 (0.67-2.67)	0.24
3 T (≥ 2.10)	1.93 (1.27-2.95)	< 0.01	1.27 (0.73-2.21)	0.10	3 T (≥ 1.75)	1.64 (1.05-2.57)	0.04	1.58 (0.80-3.12)	0.82

^a 24 h-urinary sodium excretion levels estimated by Tanaka equation
^b Adjusted for age and sex, energy intake (per day), water intake (per day), potassium intake (per day), and physical activity
^c Body mass index (BMI) in adults and adolescents were classified to two groups using the steering Committee of the Regional Office for the Western Pacific Region of WHO, the International Association for the Study of Obesity and the International Obesity Task Force proposed the appropriateness of the classification of obesity in Asia in 2000 [19]. Normal weight (< 23.0 kg/m²), and overweight (≥ 23.0 kg/m²);
^d Waist circumference (WC) in adults were classified two groups using the criterion of NECP ATP- III guideline [21], such as normal waist (male: < 90 cm, female: < 80 cm), abdominal obesity (male: ≥ 90 cm, female: ≥ 80 cm); WC in adolescents was classified two groups using the criterion of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) [22]
^e P-value

ISSN: 2055-0928