Table 1 Characterization of the study population (mean ± SD)

Age, years

27.4 ± 4.03

–

27.6 ± 4.31

–

27.5 ± 4.24

–

0.968^b

Sex

m = 11, w = 16

–

m = 10, w = 16

–

m = 10, w = 18

–

0.929^c

BMI, kg/m²

22.3 ± 1.74

–

21.6 ± 1.98

–

22.1 ± 2.09

–

0.436^b

 Female

71.0 ± 4.3

-

70.1 ± 3.8

-

69.5 ± 5.0

-

0.057^a

 Male

79.5 ± 4.3

-

76.4 ± 3.0

-

80.6 ± 4.1

-

0.591^a

Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg

121 ± 11.1

–

121 ± 13.4

–

116 ± 12.6

–

0.201^b

Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg

74.0 ± 6.00

–

72.0 ± 4.00

–

72.0 ± 9.00

–

0.457^b

Pulse rate, bpm

66.0 ± 9.00

–

61.0 ± 8.00

–

65.0 ± 10.00

–

0.188^b

0.001^c

  < 0.5 years, n (%)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 0.5–1 year, n (%)

0 (0)

4 (15.4)

6 (21.4)

 1–2 years, n (%)

1 (3.7)

3 (11.5)

4 (14.3)

 2–3 years, n (%)

0 (0)

2 (7.7)

7 (25.0)

  > 3 years, n (%)

26 (96.3)

17 (65.4)

11 (39.3)

Magnesium SU, n (%)

5 (22.2)

4 (15.4)

5 (17.9)

0.710^c

Calcium SU, n (%)

3 (11.1)

1 (3.9)

2 (7.14)

0.210^c

Iron SU, n (%)

3 (11.1)

4 (15.4)

5 (17.9)

0.689^c

Vitamin B₁₂ SU, n (%)

4 (18.5)

4 (15.4)

15 (53.9)

0.005^c

Vitamin D SU, n (%)

5 (22.2)

1 (3.9)

7 (25.0)

0.078^c

Smoker, n (%)

0 (0)

0 (0)

–

0 (0)

–

–

Training frequency per week

3.04 ± 0.98

–

3.24 ± 0.88

–

3.00 ± 0.85

–

0.502^b

Running time per week (h)

2.72 ± 1.11

–

3.38 ± 1.43

–

2.65 ± 1.38

–

0.079^b