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Table 3 Association of diet quality with malnutrition risk and low calf circumference (simple model)

From: Diet quality is associated with malnutrition and low calf circumference in Canadian long-term care residents

 

Descriptive statistics

Linear Regression

Logistic Regressiona, b

Diet Quality Parameters

MAR/NARc

MNA-SF

PG-SGA risk (score of B/C)

CC < 31

 

Median (IQR)

Parameter Estimate (95% CI)

Odds Ratiod (95% CI)

Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Energy Intake (kcal/day)

1551.8 (1375.0, 1742.0)

0.002 (0.001, 0.003)*

0.78 (0.72, 0.84)*

0.85 (0.78, 0.91)*

Protein intake (g/day)

56.5 (49.9, 65.1)

0.04 (0.02, 0.06)*

0.66 (0.55, 0.78)*

0.81 (0.68, 0.96)*

MAR

0.80 (0.75, 0.85)

5.34 (2.81, 7.85)*

0.49 (0.38, 0.64)*

0.80 (0.64, 1.00)

NAR

 Calcium

0.59 (0.46, 0.76)

1.42 (0.16, 2.68)*

0.83 (0.74, 0.93)*

0.94 (0.84, 1.06)

 Copper

1.00 (0.88, 1.00)

3.55 (1.69, 5.42)*

0.68 (0.57, 0.82)*

0.88 (0.75, 1.03)

 Folate (DFE)

0.58 (0.46, 0.70)

4.45 (3.24, 5.65)*

0.63 (0.56, 0.71)*

0.77 (0.68, 0.86)*

 Iron

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

5.52 (3.26, 7.78)*

0.48 (0.36, 0.65)*

0.74 (0.60, 0.92)*

 Magnesium

0.64 (0.56, 0.74)

2.59 (1.03, 4.14)*

0.72 (0.62, 0.83)*

0.84 (0.73, 0.96)*

 Phosphorus

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

7.62 (4.32, 10.92)*

0.46 (0.30, 0.70)*

0.79 (0.59, 1.07)

 Selenium

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

4.88 (3.13, 6.62)*

0.46 (0.34, 0.62)*

0.73 (0.61, 0.87)*

 Vitamin A (RAE)

0.84 (0.70, 0.99)

2.29 (1.01, 3.58)*

0.73 (0.64, 0.82)*

0.92 (0.81, 1.03)

 Vitamin B1

1.00 (0.92, 1.00)

4.22 (2.55, 5.89)*

0.59 (0.49, 0.71)*

0.76 (0.66, 0.89)*

 Vitamin B2

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

5.56 (2.57, 8.56)*

0.49 (0.33, 0.73)*

0.90 (0.69, 1.17)

 Vitamin B3e

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

5.56 (2.77, 8.35)*

0.43 (0.26, 0.70)*

0.62 (0.46, 0.84)*

 Vitamin B6

0.75 (0.63, 0.87)

0.86 (−0.54, 2.25)

0.80 (0.70, 0.90)*

0.98 (0.87, 1.11)

 Vitamin B12

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

3.18 (0.75, 5.62)*

0.64 (0.50, 0.82)*

1.06 (0.84, 1.32)

 Vitamin C

1.00 (0.87, 1.00)

−1.37 (−2.58, −0.17)*

1.07 (0.96, 1.19)

1.09 (0.97, 1.22)

 Vitamin Df

0.26 (0.19, 0.35)

0.85 (−1.28, 2.97)

0.80 (0.66, 0.96)*

0.97 (0.80, 1.18)

 Vitamin E α-tocopherol

0.31 (0.26, 0.39)

−1.22 (− 2.88, 0.44)

1.12 (0.97, 1.30)

1.28 (1.11, 1.49)*

 Zinc

0.82 (0.70, 0.95)

2.11 (0.68, 3.54)*

0.76 (0.66, 0.86)*

0.92 (0.81, 1.04)

  1. aLogistic regression models did not converge when unit was included; adjusted for home
  2. bOdds ratios calculated for: energy intake, per 100 kcal increase; protein intake, per 10g increase; energy/body weight, per 10 kcal/kg increase; protein/body weight, per 0.1 g/kg increase; adequacy ratio (MAR/NAR) scores are per 0.1 unit increase: < 1 lowers odds of the outcome, 1 = no association, and > 1 means higher odds of the outcome
  3. cProportion consumed relative to the Recommended Dietary Allowance for a given nutrient (NAR) or average of all nutrients (MAR), to a maximum of 1.0, which indicates the Recommended Dietary Allowance was met or exceeded
  4. dOdds ratio adjusted for home, age, sex
  5. eNiacin equivalent
  6. fInternational unit
  7. * P < 0.05
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