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Table 2 Nutritional status of participants (serum)

From: Overweight & obese Australian adults and micronutrient deficiency

Outcome

Reference

n

%

BMI (kg/m2)

> 25 overweight

42

33.1

> 30 obese

85

66.9

Vitamin E (μg/mL)

< 5

39

31.0

Within range

79

62.7

> 18

8

6.3

Vitamin B12 (pg/mL)

< 110

2

1.6

Within range

72

57.1

> 800

52

41.3

Vitamin C (mg/dL)

< 0.4

0

0.0

Within range

5

3.9

> 1.5

122

96.1

Vitamin A (μg/dL)

< 30

127

100.0

Within range

0

0.0

> 80

0

0.0

Vitamin D (ng/mL)

< 20

113

89.0

(No reference)

14

11.0

Folate (ng/mL)

< 3

90

72.0

Within range

35

28.0

> 20

0

0.0

Thyroglobulin (ng/mL)

< 2

16

13.4

Within range

101

84.9

> 50

2

1.7

Potassium (mmol/L)

< 3.5

127

100.0

Within range

0

0.0

> 5.1

0

0.0

Sodium (mmol/L)

< 136

120

94.5

Within range

3

2.4

> 145

4

3.1

Iron (μg/dL) - Male

< 65

3

5.6

Within range

48

8.9

> 175

3

5.6

Iron (μg/dL) - Female

< 50

4

5.5

Within range

68

93.2

> 170

1

1.4

Zinc (μg/dL)

< 70

126

99.2

Within range

0

0.0

> 120

1

0.0

Calcium (mg/dL)

< 4.64

116

91.3

Within range

4

3.1

> 5.28

7

5.5

Magnesium (mg/dL)

< 1.6

127

100.0

Within range

0

0.0

> 2.6

0

0.0

  1. Measurement units were converted to be consistent with the clinical reference values. “<“may indicate deficiency, “>“may indicate excess, except for thyroglobulin, where a higher value may indicate iodine deficiency