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Table 3 Self-recorded micronutrient status of participants at baseline compared to nutrient reference values

From: Overweight & obese Australian adults and micronutrient deficiency

Outcome

Gender

Age (years)

Reference

Mean ± SEM

Median

n

Vitamin E (mg)

Male

19–70

10 (AI)

8.5 ± 0.6

8.1

54

Female

19–70

7 (AI)

9.1 ± 0.6

7.9

72

Vitamin C (mg)

M/F

19–70

45 (RDI)

103.3 ± 6.9

76.9

126

Retinol (μg)a

Male

19–70

900 REa (RDI)

369.0 ± 23.8

322.6

126

Beta carotene (μg)a

Female

19–70

700 REa (RDI)

2681.5 ± 197.8

2134.2

126

Vitamin D (μg)

M/F

19–50

5 (AI)

3.6 ± 0.3

3.3

63

M/F

51–70

10 (AI)

3.7 ± 0.7

2.8

63

Folate (μg)

M/F

19–70

400 (RDI)

373.2 ± 17.0

332.4

126

Iodine (μg)

M/F

19–70

150 (RDI)

128.4 ± 4.6

120.2

126

Potassium (mg)

Male

19–70

3800 (AI)

3156.3 ± 116.3

3207.4

63

Female

19–70

2800 (AI)

3034.2 ± 88.8

3053.1

63

Sodium (mg)

M/F

19–70

460–920 (AI)

2752.4 ± 100.0

2603.2

126

Iron (mg)

Male

19–70

8 (RDI)

13.7 ± 0.7

13.0

54

Female

19–50

18 (RDI)

11.4 ± 0.6

11.2

37

Female

51–70

8 (RDI)

11.5 ± 0.7

10.6

35

Zinc (mg)

Male

19–70

14 (RDI)

14.3 ± 0.8

13.6

54

Female

19–70

8 (RDI)

12.2 ± 0.6

11.2

72

Calcium (mg)

Male

19–70

1000 (RDI)

967.0 ± 64.6

896.7

54

Female

19–50

1000 (RDI)

861.2 ± 52.9

869.4

37

Female

51–70

1300 (RDI)

828.6 ± 48.0

797.6

35

Magnesium (mg)

Male

19–30

400 (RDI)

414.2 ± 46.0

444.8

3

Male

31–70

420 (RDI)

395.4 ± 17.0

385.2

51

Female

19–30

310 (RDI)

310 ± 58.5

301.6

6

Female

31–70

320 (RDI)

360.2 ± 16.1

348.8

66

  1. AI Adequate Intake, RDI Recommended Dietary Intake, RE Retinol Equivalents. Use of AI and RDI, as well as age and gender values, is based on currently available data. Incomplete data from FoodWorks nutritional analysis software means that direct comparisons between Retinol Equivalents and dietary intake couldn’t be made. a1 μg Retinol Equivalent is equivalent to: 1 μg of all-trans retinol; 6 μg all-trans ß-carotene; or 12 μg of a-carotene, ß-cryptoxanthin and other provitamin A carotenoids [15]