Skip to main content

Table 3 Prevalence of MetS risk factors at baseline and six-month post intervention

From: Effect of a nutrition education programme on the metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at a level 5 Hospital in Kenya: “a randomized controlled trial”

Parameter

 

Before the Intervention

Six-month Post intervention

NEP

n (%)

NE

n (%)

C

n (%)

χ2

P value

NEP

n (%)

NE

n (%)

C

n (%)

NEP

NE

Odd ratio a

(95% CI)

P value

Odd ratio b

(95% CI)

P value

High HbA1c

 

43(84.3)

38(74.5)

38(74.5)

1.89

0.39

23(47.9)

24(49.0)

16(34.8)

2.08(0.85–5.09)

0.111

2.04(0.84–4.92

0.114

High FBS

 

51(100.0)

51(100)

51(100)

  

38(79.2)

41(83.7)

42(91.3)

2.91(0.82–10.36)

0.100

2.30(0.56–7.34)

0.114

High WHR

 

45(88.2)

48(94.1)

40(78.4)

5.64

0.06

42(87.5)

46(93.9)

45(97.5)

0.09(0.01–0.93)

0.043*

0.28(0.03–3.00)

0.294

BMI

> 18.5–24.9

18(35.3)

18(35.3)

17(33.3)

11.10

0.09

29(60.4)

19(38.8)

13(28.3)

4.62(1.32–16.20)

0.017*

4.25(1.09–16.59)

0.038*

 

> 25–29.9

15(29.4)

27(52.7)

25(49.0)

  

13(27.1)

26(53.1)

22(47.8)

1.08(0.31–3.81)

0.915

3.13(0.85–11.51)

0.086

 

> 30–34.9

23(45.3

9(10.8)

11(17.6))

  

8(12.5)

4(8.2)

13(23.9

Reference

   

Elevated WC

 

47(92.2)

45(88.2)

47(92.2)

0.629

0.73

28(58.3)

42(85.7)

46(97.8)

.0.03(0.003–0.22)

0.001**

0.09(0.01–0.72)

0.024

Elevated BPa

 

37(72.5)

45(88.2)

37(72.5)

4.84

0.089

24(50.0)

24(49.0)

37(80.4)

4.17(1.59–10.91)

0.004**

4.29(1.67–11.03)

0.002**

Elevated BPb

 

34(66.7)

38(74.5)

28(54.9)

4.388

0.11

23(47.9)

21(42.9)

32(69.6)

0.395(0.16–0.97)

0.043*

0.33(0.14–0.78)

0.412

Elevated TG

 

32(62.7)

28(54.9)

39(76.5)

4.083

0.130

17(35.4)

31(63.3)

30(65.2)

0.31(0.13–0.75)

0.010 *

0.59(0.37–2.10)

0.785

Reduced HDL-Ca

 

19(37.3)

11(21.6)

14(27.5)

3.126

0.21

1(2.1)

5(10.2)

10(21.7)

17.55(2.05–150.37)

0.009**

2.66(0.80–8.53)

0.111

Reduced HDL-Cb

 

8(5.7)

5(9.8)

5(9.8)

1.333

0.567

1(2.1)

1(2.0)

1(2.2)

0.59(0.03–11.32)

0.730

0.91(0.05–16.86)

0.949

Dyslipidemia

 

35(68.6)

32)(62.7)

39(76.5)

1.700

0.32

18(36.7)

31(61.3)

30(65.2)

0.30(0.13–0.74)

0.008

0.89(0.37–2.11)

0.788

Elevated TC

 

26(51.0)

16(31.4)

22(43.1)

4.083

0.13

15(31.2)

18(36.7)

23(50.0)

2.45(0.99—6.04)

0.051

0.96(0.41–2.25)

0.918

LDL

 

29(59.9)

15 (29.4)

24(47.1)

7.994

0.244

25(52.1)

35(71.4)

31(67.4)

1.96(0.805–4.75)

0.14

0.87(0.35–2.16)

0.77

MetSa

 

46(90.2)

44(86.3)

45(88.2)

0.378

0.828

25(52.1)

34(69.4)

42(91.3)

0.82(0.02–0.28)

0.000**

0.20(0.06–0.68)

0.01*

MetSb

 

46(90.2)

45(88.2)

41(80.2)

2.318

0.31

28(58.3)

38(77.6)

41(89.1)

0.20(0.067–0.57)

0.003**

0.50(0.17–1.52)

0.22

MetS risk factorsa

1–2

4(7.8)

7(13.8))

6(11.8)

13.323

0.101

20(41.7)

11(22.4))

5(10.8)

24.03(5.78–99.88)

0.000 **

5.63(1.63–21.77)

0.007**

 

3

10(19.6)

21(41.2)

13(25.5)

  

20(41.2)

27(55.1)

28(60.8

3.32(11.10–99.60)

0.033*

1.48(0.59–3.74)

0.404

 

4–5

37(62.7)

23(45.1)

32(63.3)

  

8(16.7)

12(26.4)

20(43.5)

reference

   

MetS risk factorsb

1–2

5(9.8)

6(11.8)

10(19.6)

2.492

0.65

20(41.7)

11(22.4)

5(10.8)

10.37(2.72–39.53)

0.001**

2.75(0.79–9.57)

0.011*

 

3

25(49.0)

26(51.0)

22(43.1)

  

20(41.2)

27(55.1)

28(60.8)

2.92(0.94–9.10)

0.65

1.73(0.67–4.45)

0.258

 

4–5

21(41.2)

19(37.3)

19(37.3)

  

8(16.7)

11(22.4)

13(28.3)

reference

   
  1. Data are presented as proportion; n (percentages; %) chi-square (χ2) test; *statistical significance at p value< 0.05.
  2. BMI obese > 30 kg/m2, Elevated Waist hip ratio (WHR) > 0.90 for men and > 0.85 for women, Elevated blood pressure a > 140/90 mmHg or treatment of previously diagnosed hypertension (WHO criteria); Elevated blood pressure b > 130/85 mmHg or treatment of previously diagnosed hypertension (harmonized criteria), Reduced serum HDL cholesterol (a) < 0.9 mmol/L for men or < 1.0 mmol/L for women or specific treatment for this abnormality (WHO criteria); Reduced serum HDL cholesterol b < 1.0 mmol/L for men or < 1.3 mmol/L for women or specific treatment for this abnormality (harmonized criteria), Elevated triglycerides (TAG) > 1.7 mmol/L or specific treatment for this abnormality (both criteria), Waist circumference (WC) ≥94 cm for men or ≥ 80 cm for women, Elevated TC > 5.2 mmol/l, Elevated LDL-cholesterol> 2.6 mmol/l, Dyslipidemia- reduced HDL(< 0.9 mmol/L for men or < 1.0 mmol/L for women or specific treatment for this abnormality) or /and elevated TG(> 1.7 mmol/l) MetSa: Harmonized criteria; MetSb: WHO criteria, NEP; Nutrition education peer to peer support group, NE; Nutrition education group, C; control group,χ2; chi square Odd ratioa –comparison MetS parameters of NEP and C, Odds ratiob-comparison of MetS parameters of NE and C, CI; confidence interval.
  3. Adjusted for age, gender, education level, marital status, years; lived with diabetes, family history of diabetes, and complications.
Back to article page

BMC Nutrition

ISSN: 2055-0928

Contact us