Table 1 Sample profile

Age (years)

63.1 ± 5.2

63.5 ± 5.5

62.6 ± 4.9

0.473^a

Duration of diabetes (years)

Ethnicity (white)

11 (1–36)

50 (80.6%)

12 (1–36)

28 (90.3%)

10 (2–30)

22 (71%)

0.493^b

0.307^a

Weight (kg)

82.1 ± 14.8

89.9 ± 13.8

74.2 ± 11.2

< 0.001^a

Height (cm)

164.8 ± 10.3

172.4 ± 7.6

157.2 ± 6.2

< 0.001^a

BMI (kg/m²)

30.1 ± 4.0

30.3 ± 3.8

30.0 ± 4.2

0.736^a

Fat-free mass (kg)

35.2 ± 11.8

38.6 ± 12.1

31.7 ± 10.7

0.009^a

Fat mass (Kg)

29.1 ± 8.8

27.9 ± 9.3

30.3 ± 8.3

0.278^a

Physical activity (steps/week)

5522 (1496–18,097)

5190 (1496–18,097)

6011(1941–14,316)

0.288^a

Hypertension

62 (100%)

31 (100%)

31 (100%)

–

Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)

153.3 ± 46.2

162.9 ± 45.5

143.8 ± 45.6

0.105^a

A1C (%)

7.6 (5.2–12.0)

7.9 (5.9–12.0)

7.2 (5.2–9.2)

0.126^b

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

162.5 ± 40.3

158.0 ± 44.4

171.1 ± 33.7

0.197^b

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

44.7 ± 13.8

39.8 ± 8.7

52.7 ± 13.8

< 0.001^b

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

172 (49–681)

183 (49–681)

157 (68–342)

0.789^b

 Oral antihyperglycemic agents

62 (100%)

31 (100%)

31 (100%)

–

 Antihypertensive agents

62 (100%)

31 (100%)

31 (100%)

–

 Hypolipidemic agents

42 (67.7%)

22 (71%)

20 (64.5%)

0.587^c