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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of adults included in this analysis, aged ≥21 years, in the Jackson Heart Studya

From: High fructose corn syrup, excess-free-fructose, and risk of coronary heart disease among African Americans– the Jackson Heart Study

N

3233–3533

Age (y, mean ± SD)

55.0 ± 12.2

Sex (% male)

33.8

bBMI (mean ± SD)

31.8 ± 7.2

 Poor Health (30 kg/m)2 (%)

53.3

 Intermediate Health (25–29.9 kg/m)2 (%)

33.1

 Ideal Health (25 kg/m)2 (%)

13.6

Total energy intake (kcal/d, mean ± SD)

2065 ± 883

Education Level (%)

 0–11 y (< High School Grad)

16.2

 12 y (High School Grad/ Graduate Equivalency)

17.1

 13+ y (≥Some College/ College Graduates)

66.7

History of Smoking (% Yes)

28.9

Physical Activity

 Poor Health

46.7

 Intermediate Health

33.4

 Ideal Health

19.9

Blood Pressure Categorization (%)

 Normal (systolic < 120 mmHg & diastolic < 80 mmHg)

32.5

 Pre-Hypertension (120–139 mmHg/ 80–89 mmHg)

49.0

 Stage I Hypertension (140–159 mmHg/ 90–99 mmHg)

14.9

 Stage II Hypertension (≥160 mmHg/ 100 mmHg)

3.6

Fasting Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (%)

 Optimal (< 100 mg/dL)

21.6

 Near/ Above Optimal (100–129 mg/dL)

32.8

 Borderline High (130–159 mg/dL)

27.6

 High (160–189 mg/dL)

12.9

 Very High (190 mg/dL)

5.1

Fasting High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) (%)

 Low (< 40 mg/dL high risk)

36.0

 Normal (40–59 mg/dL)

37.9

 High (≥60 mg/dL)

26.1

Fasting Triglyceride Categorization (%)

 Normal (normal (< 150 mg/dL)

85.2

 Borderline High (150–199 mg/dL)

9.8

 High (≥200 mg/dL)

5.0

hsCRP (%)

 Low risk < 1 mg/L

89.3

 Average risk 1-3 mg/L

8.9

 High risk > 3 mg/L

1.8

Diabetes Classification (%)

 No-Diabetes

46.1

 Pre-Diabetes

37.2

 Diabetes

16.7

Hemoglobin A1c (%)

 Normal (< 5.6% (38.8 mmol/mol)

50.3

 At Risk (≥ 5.6% (38.8 mmol/mol)

36.0

 Uncontrolled (≥6.5% (47.5 mmol/mol)

13.7

Intake frequency cany combination non-diet soda and fruit drinks (ttlEFF) (%)

< 2 times p/wk

19.2

 2–5 times p/wk

20.3

 once p/day

21.1

  > 1 to < 3 times p/day

20.9

  ≥ 3 times p/day

18.5

Intake frequency non-diet soda (%)

  ≤ once /wk

38.7

 2–4 times /wk

10.0

 5–7 times /wk

15.7

  > once / day

35.6

Intake frequency fruit drinks (%)

  ≤ once /wk

27.6

 2–4 times /wk

29.2

 5–7 times /wk

18.3

  > once /day

24.9

Intake frequency orange juice (%)

  ≤ once /wk

25.4

 2–4 times /wk

26.9

  ≥ 5 times /wk.

16.6

  > once /day

31.1

Intake frequency other 100% juicesd (%) (n = 3425)

  ≤ once /wk

49.4

 2–4 times /wk

19.2

  ≥ 5 times /wk

14.5

  > once /day

16.9

Intake frequency diet soda (%)

  ≤ once /wk

81.6

 2–7 times /wk

8.1

  > once /day

10.3

2010 Healthy Eating Index, mean score

64.3

±SD

11.1

  1. a Characteristics are based upon self-reported responses to the medical and food frequency questionnaires administered at baseline (10/2005–12/2008). b American Heart Association classifications for body mass index (BMI). c ttlEFF refers to any combination of high fructose corn syrup sweetened soft drinks, and fruit drinks. d Other juices excluded citrus juice (100% orange juice) and included apple (a high fructose juice), grape, pineapple, and other 100% juices