Spatial distribution and determinant factors of anemia among adults aged 15–59 in Ethiopia; using mixed-effects ordinal logistic regression model

Table 2 Characteristics of respondents in Ethiopia from January 18 to June 27, 2016 (N = 29,140)

Variables	Anemia level (weighted frequency)				Total	Percent
Variables	Not anemic	Mild	Moderate	Severe	Total	Percent
Sex
Female	12,674	2050	626	106	15,456	53.0
Male	11,847	1413	375	49	13,684	47.0
Age
15–19	5142	699	179	20	6040	20.7
20–24	3987	508	157	27	4679	16.1
25–29	4271	563	200	27	5061	17.4
30–34	3308	501	193	37	4039	13.9
35–39	2952	429	103	18	3502	12.0
40–44	2097	362	73	12	2544	8.7
45–49	1746	233	57	14	2050	7.0
50–54	549	99	20	0	668	2.3
55–59	469	68	20	0	557	1.9
Marital status
Never married	7752	892	223	22	8889	30.5
Married	15,092	2329	712	116	18,249	62.6
Widowed	424	70	19	6	520	1.8
Divorced	1253	172	46	11	1482	5.1
Educational level
Uneducated	9124	1498	490	109	11,221	38.5
Primary	10,426	1487	399	36	12,348	42.4
Secondary	3264	360	68	9	3701	12.7
Higher	1664	115	44	0	1823	6.3
Don’t know	44	3	0	0	47	0.1
Place of residence
Urban	5018	524	103	6	5651	19.4
Rural	19,503	2940	897	149	23,489	80.6
Region
Tigray	1744	234	60	7	2045	7.0
Afar	141	44	20	2	207	0.7
Amhara	6920	779	136	11	7846	27.0
Oromia	8593	1379	432	80	10,484	36.0
Somali	404	150	112	22	688	2.3
Benishangul	243	28	7	0	278	1.0
SNNPR	5051	695	193	28	5967	20.4
Gambella	66	10	2	0	78	0.3
Harari	43	7	3	1	54	0.2
Addis Ababa	1205	116	28	1	1350	4.6
Dire Dawa	113	21	8	1	143	0.5
Wealth index
Poor	8115	1445	522	101	10,183	35.0
Middle	4863	689	190	12	5754	19.7
Rich	11,543	1330	288	42	13,203	45.3
Source of drinking water
Improved	16,142	2071	528	54	18,795	64.5
Not improved	8379	1392	473	101	10,345	35.5
Type of toilet facility
Improved	1710	209	50	3	1972	6.8
Not improved	22,811	3254	951	152	27,168	93.2
BMI
Underweight	6390	963	300	52	7705	26.4
Normal	16,715	2324	655	90	19,784	67.9
Overweight	1124	135	40	13	1313	4.5
Obese	292	41	5	1	339	1.2

BMI Body Mass Index, SNNPR Southern Nation and Nationality and Peoples Regions

ISSN: 2055-0928