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Table 3 Bivariate and multivariable analysis of undernutrition among children below 5 years of age in Yambio County, South Sudan, in 2018 (N = 630)

From: The prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition among under-five children in South Sudan using the standardized monitoring and assessment of relief and transitions (SMART) methodology

Variables

Wasting

Underweight

Stunting

cOR (95% CI)

P value

aOR (95% CI)

P value

cOR (95% CI)

P value

aOR (95% CI)

P value

cOR (95% CI)

P value

aOR (95% CI)

P value

Sex

 Female

Reference

           

 Male

3.68 (1.02–13.32)

0.047*

4.3 (0.90–21.01)

0.068

1.12 (0.54–2.33)

0.770

1.0 (0.36–2.88)

0.979

1.15 (0.99–2.12)

0.057

1.3 (0.87–2.06)

0.180

Age (Months)

   

 6–23

2.3 (0.77–6.60)

0.136

1.4 (0.38–5.23)

0.603

1.7 (0.83–3.59)

0.147

1.3 (0.43–4.04)

0.632

1.2 (0.83–1.78)

0.322

1.4 (0.90–2.25)

0.130

 24–59

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

2.6 (0.96–7.03)

0.060

Reference

 

Household head

 Male

 Female

0.68 (0.15–3.06)

0.610

0.57 (0.10–3.23)

0.525

0.44 (0.13–1.46)

0.179

0.76 (0.16–3.58)

0.726

1.12 (0.71–1.77)

0.637

1.2 (0.69–2.03)

0.537

Household size

1.05 (0.94–1.18)

0.385

1.04 (0.91–1.21)

0.525

1.09 (1.01–1.18)

0.029*

1.1 (0.94–1.22)

0.322

1.0 (0.97–1.06)

0.564

  

Resident status

 Resident

 Non-resident

4.2 (1.44–12.15)

0.009*

2.9 (0.70–11.85)

0.141

0.79 (0.3–2.11)

0.644

1.1 (0.22–5.42)

0.915

0.89 (0.56–1.43)

0.643

  

Main livelihood activity

   

 Agricultural

Reference

 

Reference

 

1.97 (0.59–6.60)

0.274

1.9 (0.39–9.51)

0.424

2.32 (1.28–4.21)

0.006*

3.1 (1.51–6.45)

0.002*

 Non-agricultural

1.06 (0.77–1.47)

0.714

1.2 (0.82–1.282)

0.331

    

Reference

 

Reference

 

Vitamin A Supplementation

 No

 Yes

1.46 (0.42–5.29)

0.566

4.2 (0.36–47.58)

0.251

1.6 (0.64–3.99)

0.311

2.2 (0.39–12.81)

0.364

0.93 (0.62–1.41)

0.739

0.7 (0.38–1.32)

0.275

Measles vaccination

 No

 Yes

0.70 (0.15–3.21)

0.642

0.6 (0.05–6.84)

0.673

1.64 (0.38–7.08)

0.507

1.2 (0.09–16.04)

0.884

1.65 (0.84–3.25)

0.148

2.2 (0.91–5.49)

0.078

Illness

 No

 Yes

1.59 (0.53–4.81)

0.410

1.7 (0.44–6.83)

0.435

2.02 (0.91–4.52)

0.086

1.5 (0.48–4.72)

0.491

1.13 (0.77–1.66)

0.521

  

Using Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets

 No

 Yes

0.43 (0.15–1.25)

0.122

0.5 (0.09–2.26)

0.339

2.2 (0.82–5.85)

0.115

4.6 (0.85–24.60)

0.077

1.12 (0.74–1.69)

0.601

1.2 (0.68–1.95)

0.598

Deworming

 No

 Yes

0.66 (0.19–2.28)

0.511

0.7 (0.17–2.71)

0.582

1.4 (0.60.32)

0.433

0.8 (0.22–2.52)

0.644

1.08 (0.73–1.61)

0.704

1.4 (0.79–2.35)

0.266

  1. cOR Crude Odds ratio; aOR Adjusted Odds ratio; CI confidence interval; * = statistically significant p-value < 0.05