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Table 3 Nutritional and clinical status at the home visit three months after discharge from the outpatient centers of Sabon Guida and Madaoua, Tahoua Region, Niger, June 2018–June 2019

From: A feasibility study using mid-upper arm circumference as the sole anthropometric criterion for admission and discharge in the outpatient treatment for severe acute malnutrition

 

Recovered

Non-responders

Sabon Guida

MUAC-only program

(n = 714)

Madaoua

Standard program

(n = 425)

 

Sabon Guida

MUAC-only program

(n = 231)

Madaoua

Standard program

(n = 294)

 

n (%)

n (%)

p

n (%)

n (%)

p

Wrong address

29 (4.1)

23 (5.4)

0.463

5 (2.1)

8 (2.7)

0.324

Child absent

14 (2.0)

6 (1.4)

 

13 (5.6)

9 (3.1)

 

Death

6 (0.8)

0 (0.0)

 

10 (4.3)

5 (1.7)

 

Travel/migration

7 (1.0)

6 (1.4)

 

3 (1.3)

3 (1.0)

 

Hospitalization

1 (0.1)

0 (0.0)

 

0 (0.0)

1 (0.3)

 

Child present

671 (94.0)

396 (93.2)

 

213 (92.2)

277 (94.2)

 

Among children present

(n = 671)

(n = 396)

 

(n = 213)

(n = 277)

 

Weight, kg (mean ± SD)

7.78 ± 1.24

8.29 ± 1.26

< 0.001

6.71 ± 1.10

7.02 ± 1.16

0.002

Height, cm (mean ± SD)

73.0 ± 5.1

74.9 ± 5.6

< 0.001

69.5 ± 4.5

70.9 ± 5.0

0.001

WHZ (mean ± SD)

−1.68 ± 0.95

−1.46 ± 0.88

< 0.001

−2.41 ± 1.18

−2.26 ± 1.06

0.141

 WHZ < -3, n (%)

60 (8.9)

23 (5.8)

0.065

64 (30.1)

61 (22.0)

0.043

HAZ (mean ± SD)

−3.04 ± 1.30

−2.56 ± 1.42

< 0.001

−3.37 ± 1.48

−3.02 ± 1.53

0.012

 HAZ < -2

526 (78.4)

253 (63.9)

< 0.001

173 (81.2)

207 (74.7)

0.088

MUAC (median; IQR)

127 [123; 134]

130 [125; 135]

< 0.001

119 [112; 125]

120 [115; 126]

0.013

 < 115 mm

37 (5.5)

7 (1.7)

0.002

63 (29.6)

59 (21.3)

0.123

 115–119 mm

59 (8.8)

22 (5.6)

 

44 (20.7)

52 (18.8)

 

 120–125 mm

114 (17.0)

60 (15.1)

 

48 (22.5)

76 (27.4)

 

 > 125 mm

461 (68.7)

307 (77.5)

 

58 (27.2)

90 (32.5)

 

Edema, n (%)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

5 (2.4)

1 (0.4)

0.047

SAMa

74 (11.0)

25 (6.3)

0.010

85 (39.9)

86 (31.1)

0.119

Receiving nutritional treatment at the time of the visit

17

1

 

18

12

 

Discharged from nutritional treatment after re-admission

5

2

 

7

6

 

No nutrition treatment prior the visit

52

22

 

60

68

 

MAMa

142 (21.2)

72 (18.2)

 

72 (33.8)

104 (37.6)

 

Receiving nutritional treatment at the time of the visit

26

5

 

9

8

 

Discharged from nutritional treatment after re-admission

2

1

 

6

5

 

No nutrition treatment prior the visit

114

66

 

57

91

 

Not SAM or MAM

455 (67.8)

299 (75.5)

 

56 (26.3)

87 (31.4)

 

Receiving nutritional treatment at the time of the visit

9

3

 

3

4

 

Discharged from nutritional treatment after re-admission

7

2

 

2

1

 

No nutrition treatment prior the visit

439

294

 

51

82

 

Treatment in a nutritional program, n (%)

66 (9.8)

14 (3.5)

< 0.001

45 (21.1)

36 (13.0)

0.016

Location

Inpatient center, n (%)

5 (7.7)

3 (21.4)

 

7 (15.6)

5 (13.9)

 

Outpatient center, n (%)

52 (80.0)

8 (57.1)

 

36 (80.0)

30 (83.3)

 

Supplementary feeding program, n (%)

8 (12.3)

3 (21.4)

 

2 (4.4)

1 (2.8)

 

Month of admission to care

1st month

16 (24.2)

1 (7.1)

 

17 (37.8)

6 (16.7)

 

2nd month

24 (36.4)

4 (28.6)

 

16 (35.6)

12 (33.3)

 

3rd month

26 (39.4)

9 (64.3)

 

12 (26.7)

18 (50.0)

 

Status of nutritional treatment:

Ongoing at the time of the visit

52 (78.8)

9 (64.3)

 

30 (66.7)

24 (66.7)

 

Recovered

8 (12.1)

3 (21.4)

 

6 (13.3)

4 (11.1)

 

Default

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

0 (0.0)

1 (2.8)

 

Transfer

4 (6.1)

2 (14.3)

 

6 (13.3)

5 (13.9)

 

Non response

2 (3.0)

0 (0.0)

 

3 (6.7)

2 (5.6)

 

Reason if visiting health service, n (%)

150 (22.4)

21 (5.3)

< 0.001

45 (21.1)

22 (7.9)

< 0.001

Fever, n (%)

56 (38.6)

7 (35.0)

 

16 (36.4)

6 (28.6)

 

Diarrhea, n (%)

45 (31.0)

8 (40.0)

 

16 (36.4)

7 (33.3)

 

Cough, n (%)

18 (12.4)

2 (10.0)

 

7 (15.9)

4 (19.1)

 

Difficulty breathing, n (%)

7 (4.8)

0 (0.0)

 

0 (0.0)

1 (4.7)

 

Others, n (%)

19 (13.1)

3 (15.0)

 

5 (11.4)

3 (14.3)

 
  1. aAccording to the national protocol, based on MUAC (SAM < 115 mm; MAM 115 to < 125 mm) and/or WHZ (SAM < −3; MAM < −2) and/or edema measured at the time of the visit