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Table 1 Participants’ breakfast consumption according to sociodemographics, medical history and lifestyle characteristics presented in n (%)/ mean ± sd

From: Breakfast characteristics, perception, and reasons of skipping among 8th and 9th-grade students at governmental schools, Jenin governance, West Bank

 

Total N (%)

Breakfast consumption

P value

All days

Sometimes

Never

Socio demographic

 Gender

  Boys

57 (29.5)

18 (31.6)

32 (56.1)

7 (12.3)

0.527

  Girl

136 (70.5)

44 (32.4)

67 (49.3)

25 (18.4

 School location

  City

103 (53.4)

40 (38.8)

51 (49.5)

12 (11.7)

0.039 *1

  Village

90 (46.6)

22 (24.4)

48 (53.3)

20 (22.2)

 Grade

  8th

110 (57)

40 (36.4)

55 (59)

15 (13.6)

0.24

  9th

83 (43)

22 (26.5)

44 (53)

17 (20.5)

 Family type

  Nuclear family

170 (88.1)

52 (30.6)

89 (52.4)

29 (17.1)

0.459

  Extended family

23 (11.9)

10 (43.5)

10 (43.5)

3 (13)

 Parents’ education

  Both parents have primary education

20 (10.4)

4 (20)

14 (70)

2 (10)

0.064

  Both parents have secondary education

31 (16.1)

15 (48.4)

(11 (35.5)

5 (16.1)

  Both parents have university degree

40 (20.7)

12 (30)

23 57.5)

5 (12.5)

  Mixed level; primary /secondary

34 (17.6)

16 (47.1)

14 (41.2)

4 (11.8)

  Mixed level; primary /university degree

43 (22.3)

10 (23.3)

25 (58.1)

5 (18.6)

  Mixed level; secondary /university degree

25 (13)

5 (20)

12 (48)

8 (32)

 Parents working status

  Both parents are not working

5 (2.6)

2 (40)

3 (60)

0 (0)

0.579

  Both parents are working

47 (24.4)

12 (25.5)

28 (59.6)

7 (14.9)

  One of parents’ work

140 (72.5)

48 (34)

68 (48.2)

25 (17.7)

Medical history

 Presence of Chronic diseases

  Yes

19 (9.8)

8 (42.1)

8 (42.1)

3 (15.8)

0.604

  No

174 (90.2)

54 (31)

91 (52.3)

29 (16.7)

 History of surgical operation

  Yes

8 (4.1)

4 (50)

3 (37.5)

1 (12.5)

0.541

  No

185 (95.9)

58 (31.4)

96 (51.9)

31 (16.8)

Lifestyle

 Go to school

  Walking

159 (83.7)

48 (30.2)

83 (52.2)

28 (17.6)

0.335

  Using transports (public or private)

31 (16.3)

13 (41.9)

15 (48.4)

3 (9.7)

 Go for exercise (home, outside)

  Yes regularly

37 (19.3)

17 (45.9)

17 (45.9)

3 (8.1)

0.015

  Yes, irregular

109 (56.8)

35 (32.1)

59 (54.1)

15 (13.8)

  No

46 (24)

9 (19.6)

23 (50)

14 (30.4)

 Wake up time

  Before 6:00 am

24 (12.9)

8 (33.3)

9 (37.5)

7 (29.2)

0.09

  6:00–7:00 am

98 (52.7)

37 (37.8)

49 (50)

12 (12.2)

  7:00–8:00 am

47 (25.3)

8 (17)

31 (66)

8 (17)

  After 8:00 am

17 (9.1)

6 (35.3)

9 (52.9)

2 (11.8)

 Sleep time

  Before 9:00 pm

21 (11.4)

5 (23.8)

14 (66.7)

2 (9.5)

 

  9:00–10:00 pm

70 (37.8)

31 (44.3)

36 (51.4)

3 (4.3)

0.002**1

  10:00–11:00 pm

36 (19.5)

10 (27.8)

20 (55.6)

6 (16.7)

  After 11:00 pm

58 (31.4)

13 (22.4)

28 (48.3)

17 (29.3)

Continuous variables (presented in mean ± sd)

 

All the time (mean ± sd)

Sometimes (mean ± sd)

Never (mean ± sd)

P value

Number of family members

6.7 ± 1.5

6.9 ± 1.7

6.5 ± 1.4

0.526

Pocket money (NIS/ day)

5.6 ± 4.3

4.9 ± 2.1

6.3 ± 3.7

0.063

Sleeping hours

8.1 ± 1.1

8.1 ± 1.4

7.5 ± 1.7

0.061

Screen time

3.3 ± 2.3

4.7 ± 3.1

5.4 ± 2.7

0.002**2

  1. *Significant at p < 0.05, ** significant p < 0.01
  2. 1 using chi square test, 2 using one way ANOVA