Table 1 Characteristics of the study population (N = 326)

Age

Mean (SD)

Sex

326

100.0

238

73.0

88

27.0

Nationality

Syrians

132

40.5

96

40.3

36

40.9

Afghans

42

12.9

33

13.9

9

10.2

Iraqis

79

24.2

56

23.5

23

26.1

Iranians

19

5.8

14

5.9

5

5.7

African countries^a

23

7.1

14

5.9

9

10.2

Other^b

30

9.2

24

10.1

6

6.8

Missing values

1

0.3

1

0.4

0

0.0

Marital status

Unmarried

145

44.5

122

51.3

23

26.1

Married

154

47.2

103

43.3

51

58.0

Divorced

18

5.5

9

3.8

9

10.2

Widowed

5

1.5

2

0.8

3

3.4

Missing values

4

1.2

2

0.8

2

2.3

Education

Low

135

41.4

93

39.1

42

47.7

Medium

127

39.0

97

40.8

30

34.1

High

63

19.3

48

20.2

15

17.1

Missing values

1

0.3

0

0.0

1

1.1

Employment status

Employed

33

10.1

33

13.9

0

0.0

Unemployed

284

87.1

199

83.6

85

96.6

Missing values

9

2.8

6

2.5

3

3.4

Length of stay since arrival

< 12 months

42

12.9

21

8.8

21

23.9

12–24 months

32

12.9

22

9.2

10

11.4

25–36 months

168

51.5

139

58.4

29

33.0

> 36 months

80

24.5

54

22.7

26

29.6

Missing values

4

1.2

2

0.8

2

2.3

Exercise (sport)

No exercise

176

54.0

114

47.9

62

70.5

< 120 min per week

102

31.8

83

35.2

19

22.4

≥120 min per week

43

13.4

39

16.5

4

4.7

Missing values

5

1.5

2

0.8

3

3.4

Smoking status

Smoker

180

55.2

151

63.5

29

33.0

Non-smoker

141

43.3

85

35.7

56

63.6

Missing values

5

1.5

2

0.8

3

3.4

Alcohol use

Sobriety/abstinence

187

57.4

119

50.0

68

77.3

Low-risk consumption^c

81

24.9

72

30.3

9

10.2

Risky consumption^d

35

10.7

28

11.8

7

8.0

Dangerous consumption^e

11

3.4

10

4.2

1

1.1

Missing values

12

3.7

9

3.8

3

3.4

Fruit & vegetable consumption

≥5 servings per day

28

8.6

18

7.6

10

11.4

< 5 servings per day

290

89.0

214

90.0

76

86.4

Missing values

8

2.5

6

2.5

2

2.3

Eating habits

> 4 meals per day

70

21.5

54

22.7

16

11.4

≤4 meals per day

253

77.6

183

76.9

70

86.4

Missing values

3

0.9

1

0.4

2

2.3

BMI before escape

Mean (SD)

Missing values

53

16.3

34

14.3

19

21.6

BMI upon arrival

Mean (SD)

Missing values

30

9.2

19

8.0

11

12.5

BMI since arrival

Mean (SD)

Missing values

14

4.3

8

3.4

6

6.8

Waist-to-hip ratio since arrival

Mean (SD)

Missing values

15

4.6

9

3.8

6

6.8

Abdominal obesity

Yes

182

55.8

130

54.6

52

59.1

Missing values

15

4.6

9

3.8

6

6.8

Health conditions (self-report)

Depression

47

14.4

34

14.3

13

14.8

Missing values

5

1.5

5

2.1

0

0.0

Diabetes mellitus (type II)

12

3.7

6

2.5

6

6.8

Missing values

4

1.2

4

1.7

0

0.0

Dyslipidemia

16

4.9

11

4.6

5

5.7

Missing values

7

2.2

5

2.1

2

2.3

Hypertension

21

6.4

16

6.7

5

5.7

Missing values

5

1.5

5

2.1

0

0.0