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Table 1 Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression of determinants associated with stunting on childhood under 5 years old in Somali Region, Ethiopia, EDHS 2016

From: Prevalence of undernutrition and potential risk factors among children below five years of age in Somali region, Ethiopia: evidence from 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey

Variables   Stunting COR (95% CI) AOR (95% CI) P-value
Yes No   
Age of child in months
 0–24 115 (20.7%) 440 (79.3%) 1 1  
 25–47 172 (34.4%) 328 (65.6%) 2.01 (1.52, 2.64) 1.94 (1.41, 2.69)*** < 0.000
 48–59 80 (28.3%) 203 (71.7%) 1.51 (1.08, 2.10) 1.66 (1.12, 2.46)* 0.012
Sex of child
 Male 202 (28.9%) 497 (71.1%) 1 1  
 Female 165 (25.8%) 474 (74.2%) 1.17 (0.92, 1.49) 0.77 (0.58, 1.02)  
Place of residence
 Urban 69 (25.7%) 200 (74.3%) 1 1  
 Rural 298 (27.9%) 771 (72.1%) 1.12 (0.83, 1.52) 0.73 (0.45, 1.19)  
Type of birth
 Single birth 357 (27.2%) 957 (72.8%) 1 1  
 Multiple birth 10 (41.7%) 14 (58.3%) 1.92 (0.84, 4.35) 2.86 (1.10, 7.37)* 0.031
Mothers` BMI
 Over weight 55 (21.8%) 197 (780.2%) 1 1  
 Normal weight 213 (28.2%) 543 (71.8%) 1.41 (1.01, 1.97) 1.07 (0.73, 1.58)  
 Under weight 99 (30.0%) 231 (70.0%) 1.54 (1.05, 2.25) 1.24 (0.80, 1.93)  
Size of child at birth
 Large 105 (24.2%) 328 (75.8%) 1 1  
 Medium 162 (28.1%) 414 (71.9%) 1.22 (0.92, 1.63) 1.17 (0.85, 1.62)  
 Small 100 (30.4%) 229 (69.6%) 1.36 (0.99, 1.88) 1.24 (0.86, 1.79)  
Present of toilet facility
 Yes 111 (22.9%) 374 (77.1%) 1 1  
 No 256 (30.0%) 597 (70.0%) 1.73 (0.51, 1.03) 1.45 (1.12, 1.87)** 0.005
Sex of household head
 Male 259 (28.6%) 648 (71.4%) 1 1  
 Female 108 (25.1%) 323 (74.9%) 0.84 (0.64, 1.09) 0.95 (0.71, 1.28)  
Household wealth index combined
 Poor 298 (29.4%) 717 (70.6%) 1 1  
 Medium 14 (17.9%) 64 (82.1%) 0.53 (0.29, 0.95) 0.56 (0.28, 1.11)  
 Rich 55 (22.4%) 190 (77.6%) 0.70 (0.50, 0.97) 0.78 (0.43, 1.40)  
Number of living children
 1–2 70 (25.1%) 209 (74.9%) 1 1  
 3–4 109 (26.8%) 298 (73.2%) 1.09 (0.77, 1.55) 1.03 (0.68, 1.56)  
  > 4 188 (28.8%) 464 (71.2%) 1.21 (0.88, 1.67) 1.01 (0.68, 1.49)  
Sources of drinking water
 Improved 62 (25.7%) 179 (74.3%) 1 1  
 Unimproved 305 (27.8%) 792 (72.2%) 1.11 (0.81, 1.53) 0.82 (0.55, 1.23)  
Anemia level
 Non-anemic 34 (18.6%) 149 (81.4%) 1 1  
 Anemic 284 (34.0%) 551 (66.0%) 2.26 (1.52, 3.37) 2.36 (1.55, 3.61)*** < 0.000
  1. AOR adjusted odds ratio, COR crude odds ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. *significant p value < 0.05
  3. **significant p value < 0.01
  4. ***significant p value < 0.001, 1 = reference
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