Bilberry/red grape juice (n = 30) | Placebo juice (n = 30) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Post intervention | Baseline | Post intervention | pMW (change) | |||||
CANTAB | |||||||||
DMS | |||||||||
Total correct (all delays) | 12.0 | (12.0–13.0) | 12.0 | (11.0–13.0) | 12 | (12.0–13.0) | 12.5 | (11.0–13.0) | 0.71 |
Total correct (4000 ms delay) | 4.0 | (4.0–5.0) | 4.0 | (4.0–5.0) | 4.0 | (4.0–5.0) | 4.0 | (4.0–5.0) | 0.76 |
Mean correct latency (all delays) | 3938 | (3086–4367) | 3486 | (3193–4465) | 4225 | (3729–4715) | 4134 | (3692–4469) | 0.29 |
PAL | |||||||||
First trial memory score (n out of 22) | 11.5 | (10.0–13.0) | 10.0 | (10.0–13.0) | 11.0 | (10.0–14.0) | 11.0 | (10.0–14.0) | 0.24 |
Mean trials to success (n out of 10) | 2.6 | (2.4–3.2) | 3.0 | (2.8–4.0) | 2.4 | (2.0–2.8) | 2.4 | (2.2–2.8) | 0.16 |
Total errors (n adjusted) | 25.0 | (18.0–34.0) | 31.5 | (22.0–40.0) | 19.5 | (13.0–25.0) | 23.5 | (18.0–32.0) | 0.36 |
Total errors (6 shapes, n adjusted)a | 8.0 | (7.0–11.0) | 6.0 | (4.0–9.0) | 5.5 | (4.0–9.0) | 6.0 | (6.0–11.0) | 0.15 |
Total errors (8 shapes, n adjusted) b | 13.5 | (9.0–20.0) | 21.5 | (16.0–29.0) | 11.0 | (9.0–16.0) | 16.0 | (15.0–24.0) | 0.50 |
PRM | |||||||||
Number correct (n) | 22.0 | (21.0–23.0) | 21.5 | (21.0–23.0) | 21.0 | (21.0–22.0) | 21.0 | (20.0–23.0) | 0.47 |
Mean correct latency (ms) | 2358 | (2068–2609) | 2305 | (2090–2834) | 2573 | (2365–2708) | 2302 | (2050–2667) | 0.15 |
SRM | |||||||||
Number correct (n) | 14.0 | (14.0–16.0) | 14.5 | (13.0–16.0) | 16.0 | (16.0–18.0) | 16.0 | (16.0–18.0) | 0.77 |
Mean correct latency | 2538 | (2266–2833) | 2498.8 | (2156–2855) | 2416 | (2234–2770) | 2313 | (1963–2504) | 0.17 |
PEGS | |||||||||
dominant hand (ms to accomplish test) | 120.0 | (95.4–140.4) | 104.2 | (89.9–126.0) | 117.1 | (98.2–127.2) | 116.2 | (96.5–126.1) | 0.41 |
nondominant hand (ms to accomplish test) | 124.2 | (93.3–136.4) | 116.6 | (93.8–136.2) | 113.4 | (100.2–133.7) | 107.2 | (95.9–127.5) | 0.52 |