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Table 6 Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for mental health (depression, anxiety and stress) according to tertiles (T) of major dietary patterns

From: Empirically derived dietary patterns and their association with mental health: a cross-sectional sample of Iranian migraine patients (2019–2020)

 

Healthy dietary pattern

Traditional dietary pattern

Western dietary pattern

T1

T2

T3

P trend

T1

T2

T3

P trend

T1

T2

T3

P trend

Depression

 Crude

Ref

0.76 (0.42, 1.36)

0.56 (0.31, 1.01)

0.107

Ref

1.10 (0.62, 1.96)

0.85 (0.47, 1.55)

0.523

Ref

1.32 (0.73, 2.37)

1.32 (0.73, 2.37)

0.395

 Model 1

Ref

0.77 (0.42, 1.39)

0.55 (0.29, 1.02)

0.129

Ref

1.04 (0.58, 1.88)

0.92 (0.49, 1.78)

0.732

Ref

2.42 (1.32, 4.44)

1.91 (0.95, 3.84)

0.069

 Model 2

Ref

0.72 (0.40, 1.32)

0.44 (0.22, 0.88)

0.030

Ref

0.98 (0.54, 1.79)

0.80 (0.40, 1.57)

0.563

Ref

2.21 (1.19, 4.13)

1.50 (0.69, 3.24)

0.119

Anxiety

 Crude

Ref

1.04 (0.58, 1.87)

0.99 (0.54, 1.81)

0.917

Ref

1.32 (0.73, 2.36)

1.18 (0.65, 2.14)

0.597

Ref

1.14 (0.64, 2.05)

1.00 (0.56, 1.80)

0.999

 Model 1

Ref

0.95 (0.52, 1.74)

0.95 (0.51, 1.77)

0.929

Ref

1.65 (0.89, 3.05)

1.77 (0.91, 3.44)

0.098

Ref

1.16 (0.64, 2.13)

1.20 (0.60, 2.40)

0.691

 Model 2

Ref

0.87 (0.47, 1.60)

0.70 (0.35, 1.39)

0.357

Ref

1.53 (0.82, 2.85)

1.47 (0.73, 2.94)

0.216

Ref

1.03 (0.55, 1.93)

0.84 (0.39, 1.82)

0.621

Stress

 Crude

Ref

0.79 (0.45, 1.40)

0.64 (0.35, 1.15)

0.222

Ref

1.26 (0.70, 2.26)

0.98 (0.55, 1.74)

0.859

Ref

1.81 (1.01, 3.23)

1.38 (0.77, 2.46)

0.292

 Model 1

Ref

0.71 (0.40, 1.28)

0.62 (0.34, 1.15)

0.207

Ref

1.32 (0.72, 2.40)

1.20 (0.65, 2.22)

0.592

Ref

1.89 (1.04, 3.45)

1.56 (0.81, 3.00)

0.170

 Model 2

Ref

0.69 (0.38, 1.24)

0.50 (0.25, 0.99)

0.049

Ref

1.23 (0.67, 2.25)

1.01 (0.52, 1.96)

0.862

Ref

1.67 (0.90, 3.11)

1.22 (0.59, 2.53)

0.379

  1. Data are presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
  2. Crude: Unadjusted
  3. Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, marital status, number of family members, smoking status, migraine headache index score, mean arterial pressure and physical activity
  4. Model 2: Model 2 + body mass index and energy intake per day
  5. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant