The association of appetite and hormones (leptin, ghrelin, and Insulin) with resting metabolic rate in overweight/ obese women: a case–control study

Table 1 Characteristics of the subjects in case and control groups

Variables	Normal RMR group (n = 21)			Hypo RMR group (n = 21)			P-value^*
Variables	Median,(IQR)	Min	Max	Median,(IQR)	Min	Max	P-value^*
Age (year)	35.00,(11)	25	45	34.00,(9)	25	47	0.27
RMR measurement
RMR (Kcal/d)	1,541,(232.50)	1291	1967	1306.00,(325.0)	830	1716	< 0.001
RQ	0.88,(0.10)	0.83	1.1	0.89,(0.08)	0.79	1	0.68
Body Composition
Height(cm)	163.00,(6)	154	171	159.00,(7)	151	168	0.06
Weight(kg)	80.00,(16)	62.7	102.1	75.40,(13.5)	58.8	105.7	0.28
FFM (kg)	46.8,(6.10)	37.4	57.5	43.10,(9.10)	34.2	56.7	0.06
FM(kg)	34.00,(14.1)	21.4	47.2	33.00,(9.8)	24.2	54.4	0.30
SMM(kg)	25.40,(3.9)	20.2	31.8	23.30,(5.4)	18	31.7	0.06
TBW(L)	34.20,(3.5)	27.4	42.2	32.5,(6.8)	25.1	41.6	0.08
%PBF	41.40,(8.9)	30.6	48.3	44.70,(5.7)	36.1	51.4	0.02
WHR	0.93,(0.07)	0.85	1.4	0.92,(0.07)	0.86	1.03	0.49
WC(cm)	98.90,(17.3)	87.1	117.4	93.80,(13.3)	85.5	120.9	0.54
BMI (kg/m²⁾	29.00,(6.9)	26.1	38.1	29.10,(4.7)	25.5	39.8	0.18
IPAQ
High	0(0%)			2(9.5%)			0.21
Moderate	12(57.1%)			14(66.7%)
Low	9(42.9%)			5(23.8%)
Marriage Status
Married	14(66.7%)			11(52.4%)			0.53
Single	7(33.3%)			10(47.6%)			0.53
Education
Bachelor	18(85.7%)			18(85.7%)			0.10
Associate Degree	2(9.5%)			1(4.8%)
Diploma	1(4.8%)			2(9.5%)
Occupation
Housewife	3(14.3%)			9(42.9%)			0.10
occupied	18(85.7%)			11(52.4%)			0.10
Economic Status
Weak	1(4.8%)			2(9.5%)			0.58
Medium	9(42.9%)			8(38.2%)
Good	11(52.4%)			11(52.4%)
BMI
Overweight	11(52.4%)			13(61.9%)			0.75
Obese	10(47.6%)			8(38.1%)			0.75

Quantitative variables were reported with median and interquartile ranges and qualitative variables with number and percentage. *P values resulted from the analysis of the Wilcoxon test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. RMR resting metabolic rate, RQ respiratory quotient, FFM fat-free mass, FM fat mass, SMM Skeletal Muscle Mass, TBW Total Body Water, PBF Percent of Body Fat, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, WC waist circumference, BMI body mass index, IPAQ International Physical Activity Questionnaire
Cut point IPAQ: low < 600 METs, moderate: 600–3000 METs, high > 3000 METs
The economic status is graded based on the number of items listed in the general questionnaire: less than 3 weak, 4–6 medium, and 7–9 good
Body mass index levels are classified according to WHO criteria. Overweight: 25–29.9 (kg / m²) Overweight and 30 ≤ Obesity

ISSN: 2055-0928