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Table 1 Demographics of the college students by eight snacking categories

From: Snacking pattern of college students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

 

Fruit and vegetables

caffeinated drinks

Sweetened energy dense beverages

Dairy products

Grains

Fast food

Chips

Sweet

Gender

 Male

3.03 ± 1.43

2.82 ± 1.46

2.60 ± 1.58

2.20 ± 0.94

2.01 ± 0.92

2.89 ± 1.45

1.71 ± 1.33

2.46 ± 1.05

 Female

3.11 ± 1.38

3.05 ± 1.27

2.03 ± 1.16

2.14 ± 0.86

2.25 ± 0.93

2.88 ± 1.29

1.77 ± 1.34

2.75 ± 1.00

P value

0.59

0.09

< 0.001

0.63

0.06

0.93

0.62

0.01

Age

 18-21

3.14 ± 1.36

2.99 ± 1.28

2.05 ± 1.18

2.17 ± 0.87

2.22 ± 0.85

2.91 ± 1.30

1.73 ± 1.32

2.74 ± 1.01

 22-25

3.05 ± 1.42

3.05 ± 1.33

2.20 ± 1.32

2.14 ± 0.86

2.21 ± 1.02

2.86 ± 1.33

1.81 ± 1.36

2.67 ± 1.02

P value

0.38

0.57

0.13

0.72

0.86

0.69

0.46

0.43

Academic years

 1-3

3.16 ± 1.41

3.05 ± 1.32

2.11 ± 1.24

2.19 ± 0.92

2.29 ± 0.99

2.92 ± 1.39

1.73 ± 1.33

2.71 ± 1.10

 4-5

3.03 ± 1.36

2.98 ± 1.28

2.12 ± 1.26

2.12 ± 0.82

2.14 ± 0.87

2.85 ± 1.22

1.80 ± 1.34

2.71 ± 0.92

P value

0.22

0.46

0.96

0.38

0.08

0.46

0.54

0.96

Monthly household income (SR):*

 <  5000

2.93 ± 1.38

2.91 ± 1.20

2.03 ± 1.14

2.04 ± 0.79

2.25 ± 0.86

2.83 ± 1.44

1.78 ± 1.41

2.62 ± 1.05

 5000-15,000

3.00 ± 1.31

3.01 ± 1.31

2.06 ± 1.19

2.18 ± 0.91

2.17 ± 0.85

2.75 ± 1.19

1.72 ± 1.24

2.66 ± 0.94

 > 15,000

3.33 ± 1.47

3.09 ± 1.35

2.24 ± 1.37

2.19 ± 0.86

2.26 ± 1.07

3.09 ± 1.36

1.81 ± 1.41

2.82 ± 1.07

P value

0.007

0.40

0.16

0.41

0.59

0.01

0.78

0.09

Physical activity

 Inactive

2.76 ± 1.22

2.90 ± 1.29

2.22 ± 1.24

1.96 ± 0.73

2.12 ± 0.88

2.96 ± 1.22

1.69 ± 1.26

2.69 ± 1.03

 Active

3.34 ± 1.44

3.11 ± 1.31

2.04 ± 1.25

2.28 ± 0.93

2.28 ± 0.96

2.83 ± 1.37

1.81 ± 1.39

2.72 ± 1.00

P value

< 0.001

0.05

0.06

< 0.001

0.07

0.22

0.23

0.67

Obesity status

 Non-obese

3.10 ± 1.41

2.92 ± 1.26

2.06 ± 1.16

2.13 ± 0.85

2.24 ± 0.94

2.91 ± 1.34

1.69 ± 1.31

2.70 ± 1.03

 Obese

3.11 ± 1.35

3.22 ± 1.37

2.25 ± 1.41

2.21 ± 0.91

2.17 ± 0.91

2.83 ± 1.24

1.92 ± 1.38

2.73 ± 0.97

P value

0.99

0.006

0.07

0.41

0.52

0.45

0.04

0.67

  1. Data presented as mean and standard deviation
  2. P value was analyzed using independent t-test
  3. * P value was analyzed using one way ANOVA