Table 3 Factors associated with Iron deficiency among pregnant women in Haramaya district, eastern Ethiopia, 2021
Variables | Iron deficiency | CRR (95% CI) | aRR(95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n = 236) | No(n = 210) | ||||
Antenatal care |  |  |  |  | < 0.001** |
 No | 105 (55.51) | 59 (71.90) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Yes | 131 (44.49) | 151 (28.10) | 0.73 (0.61, 0.86) | 0.73 (0.61, 0.88) |  |
Dietary diversity score | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.011* |
 High | 55 (23.31) | 77 (36.67) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Low | 181 (76.69) | 133 (63.33) | 1.38 (1.11 1.73) | 1.36 (1.07, 1.72) |  |
History of anemia | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.933 |
 No | 67 (28.39) | 76 (36.19) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Yes | 169 (71.61) | 134 (63.81) | 1.19 (0.97, 1.46) | 0.99 (0.79, 1.23) |  |
Maternal nutritional status | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.097 |
 Normal | 114 (48.31) | 118 (56.19) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Undernutritionb | 122 (51.69) | 92 (43.81) | 1.16 (0.97, 1.38) | 1.16 (0.97, 1.38) |  |
Skipping meals | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.014* |
 No | 72 (30.51) | 88 (41.90) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Yes | 164 (69.49) | 122 (58.10) | 1.27 (1.05, 1.55) | 1.29(1.05, 1.57) |  |
Source of drinking water | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.514 |
 Protected | 95 (40.25) | 103 (49.05) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Unprotected | 141 (59.75) | 107 (50.95) | 1.18 (0.99, 1.42) | 0.93 (0.76, 1.15) |  |
Women decision making | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.192 |
 No | 226 (95.76) | 189 (90.00) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Yes | 10 (4.24) | 21 (10.00) | 0.59(0.35, 0.99) | 0.71 (0.42, 1.19) |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.503 |
 Married | 229 (97.03) | 198(94.29) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Others | 7 (2.97) | 12 (5.71) | 0.69 (0.38, 1.25) | 0.82 (0.45, 1.48) |  |
Educational level of the woman | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.513 |
 No formal education | 192 (82.20) | 161 (76.67) | 1 | 1 |  |
 Literate | 42 (17.80) | 49 (23.33) | 0.84 (0.66, 1.078) | 0.93 (0.74, 1.17) |  |