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Table 3 Ordered logistic regression models of changes in intake of milk, yogurt and cheese during Covid-19 epidemic lockdown

From: COVID-19 epidemic lockdown-induced remarkable decrease in dairy products consumption of Iran population: does it really matter? National Food and Nutrition Surveillance

Variables

Milk

Yogurt

Cheese

OR (95%CI)

p-value

OR (95%CI)

p-value

OR (95%CI)

p-value

Sex of the household head

Male

female

-

1.21 (1.05, 1.4)

-

0.007

-

1.05 (0.91, 1.21)

-

0.494

-

1.17 (0.99, 1.38)

0.052

Urban/Rural

Urban

Rural

-

0.83 (0.76, 0.91)

-

< 0.001

-

0.79 (0.71, 0.86)

-

< 0.001

-

1.07 (0.97, 1.2)

0.157

Family members

1–2

3–5

> 6

-

1.01 (0.90, 1.14)

1.12 (0.95, 1.31)

-

0.810

0.173

-

0.93 (0.82, 1.05)

0.93 (0.79, 1.11)

-

0.272

0.456

-

0.97 (0.84, 1.11)

1.02 (0.84, 1.24)

Β 

High risk members

No

< 5 years old

Pregnant/lactating mothers

Elder

More than one

-

1.12 (1.02, 1.23)

0.91 (0.71, 1.17)

1.05 (0.91, 1.20)

1.40 (1.23, 1.59)

-

0.013

0.488

0.473

< 0.001

-

1.09 (0.99, 1.19)

1.02 (0.80, 1.30)

1.12 (0.97, 1.29)

1.18 (1.03, 1.35)

-

0.078

0.828

0.102

0.012

-

1.19 (1.07, 1.34)

1.25 (0.97, 1.62)

1.16 (1.0, 1.36)

1.28 (1.1, 1.48)

-

0.002

0.082

0.049

0.001

Occupation

Employee

Freelance

Retired

Health workers

Teacher

Driver

other

-

0.62 (0.54, 0.72)

1.03 (0.87, 1.23)

0.80 (0.62, 1.04)

1.10 (0.87, 1.40)

0.89 (0.71, 1.12)

0.84 (0.72, 0.98)

-

< 0.001

0.658

0.110

0.394

0.351

0.028

-

0.58 (0.50, 0.68)

1.03 (0.86, 1.24)

0.75 (0.57, 0.97)

1.07 (0.83, 1.37)

0.72 (0.57, 0.91)

0.78 (0.67, 0.91)

-

< 0.001

0.690

0.031

0.585

0.006

0.002

-

0.66 (0.56, 0.79)

1.08 (0.87, 1.32)

0.72 (0.50, 1.03)

1.33 (1.01, 1.76)

0.74 (0.57, 0.98)

0.89 (0.74, 1.06)

-

< 0.001

0.458

0.080

0.041

0.036

0.198

Change in income

No changes

Low decrease

Half

Cut

-

1.36 (1.22, 1.52)

2.27 (2.03, 2.54)

5.02 (4.44, 5.67)

-

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

-

1.36 (1.22, 1.52)

2.49 (2.21, 2.8)

4.9 (4.35, 5.59)

-

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

-

1.37 (1.21, 1.54)

2.33 (2.02, 2.68)

5.07 (4.4, 5.83)

-

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Covid-19 in family

No

Yes

-

0.85 (0.66, 1.08)

-

0.205

-

1.11 (0.87, 1.40)

-

0.381

-

1.09 (0.81, 1.45)

-

0.550

Education

Master./ higher

Bachelor

Associate

Diploma

High school

-

1.36 (1.16, 1.60)

1.62 (1.33, 1.99)

1.52 (1.29, 1.79)

1.67 (1.41, 1.99)

-

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

-

1.21 (1.03, 1.42)

1.42 (1.15, 1.75)

1.46 (1.23, 1.73)

1.49 (1.24, 1.78)

-

0.018

0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

-

1.33 (1.1, 1.16)

1.54 (1.21, 1.97)

1.64 (1.35, 1.99)

1.76 (1.43, 2.17)

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.003

Security status of province

Secure

Semi secure

Deprived

-

1.11 (1.01, 1.23)

1.29 (1.15, 1.45)

-

0.043

< 0.001

-

1.08 (0.97, 1.20)

1.20 (1.07, 1.35)

-

0.143

0.002

-

1.17 (1.03, 1.33)

1.45 (1.26, 1.66)

-

0.011

< 0.001