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Table 5 Scenario 2: Mean nutrient intakes and inadequacy at baseline and after the substitution of usual milk with PCM in ‘milk consumers’ (n = 167)

From: Milk beverages can reduce nutrient inadequacy among Brazilian pre-school children: a dietary modelling study

Nutrient

   

Baseline

Substitution of milk by PCM

DRI value

Intake

DRI compliance (%)

Intake

DRI compliance (%)

EAR/ AMDR

AI

UL/ AMDR

Mean

SD

< EAR/ AMDR

> AI

> UL/ AMDR

Mean

SD

< EAR/ AMDR

> AI

> UL/ AMDR

Macronutrients

 Energy (kcal/d)

1513

524

   

1544

529

   

 Fat (g/d)

48.7

22.9

   

48.3

22.9

   

 MUFA (% kcal)

18.3

9.7

   

15.5

9.3

   

 PUFA (% kcal)

8.8

2.6

   

9.2

2.6

   

 Saturated fat (g/d)

18.3

9.7

   

15.5

9.3

   

 Carbohydrate (g/d)

130

208.5

78.5

25.0

  

220.5

79.7

18.0

  

 Protein (g/d)

19

62.9

28.1

0.0

  

59.5

27.9

0.0

  

 Dietary fiber (g/d)

25

13.9

7.1

 

12.0

 

15.5

7.1

 

15.0

 

 Fat (% kcal)

25

35

28.8

7.3

31.1

 

15.6

27.9

7.1

35.3

 

15.0

 Saturated fat (% kcal)

10

10.9

3.6

  

55.7

8.9

3.1

  

25.7

 Carbohydrate (% kcal)

45

65

51.8

8.3

19.2

 

6.0

53.9

7.9

12.0

 

7.8

 Protein (% kcal)

10

30

16.7

4.4

1.8

 

0.6

15.4

4.3

6.6

 

0.6

Micronutrients

 Vitamin A (μg RAE/d)

275

900

658.1

1309.4

24.6

 

14.4

744.8

1319.2

12.6

 

19.2

 Thiamin (mg/d)

0.5

1.0

0.4

4.8

  

1.5

0.6

1.8

  

 Riboflavin (mg/d)

0.5

1.4

0.7

1.8

  

1.4

0.7

1.2

  

 Niacin (mg/d)

6

15.0

13.1

7.7

16.8

 

31.1

17.0

8.3

3.6

 

50.3

 Vitamin B-6 (mg/d)

0.5

40

1.4

0.7

4.2

 

0.0

1.7

0.8

1.2

 

0.0

 Folate (μg DFE/d)

160

400

299.4

142.7

15.6

 

21.6

402.6

155.9

1.2

 

42.5

 Vitamin B-12 (μg/d)

1.0

4.2

9.5

4.2

  

3.7

9.5

6.6

  

 Vitamin C (mg/d)

22

650

89.7

312.5

31.1

 

1.2

138.3

312.8

3.6

 

1.8

 Vitamin D (μg/d)

10

75

3.1

4.3

92.8

 

0.0

8.8

6.7

69.5

 

0.0

 Vitamin E (mg/d)

6

300

5.4

3.7

70.1

 

0.0

9.1

4.5

30.5

 

0.0

 Vitamin K (μg/d)

55

43.9

31.5

 

24.6

 

71.7

36.4

 

61.7

 

 Calcium (mg/d)

800

2.5

827.4

468.2

56.3

 

1.2

1092.2

582.5

36.5

 

1.8

 Iron (mg/d)

4

40

12.2

8.1

6.6

 

0.6

21.4

10.8

0.6

 

4.2

 Magnesium (mg/d)

110

110

202.9

74.2

5.4

 

94.6

193.8

73.5

6.6

 

93.4

 Phosphorus (mg/d)

405

3

972.3

380.3

1.2

 

0.0

891.5

363.3

2.4

 

0.0

 Potassium (mg/d)

2.3

1874.0

703.0

 

22.2

 

1412.8

665.6

 

12.0

 

 Sodium (mg/d)

1000

1900

2049.8

875.4

 

91.0

55.1

2015.2

879.8

 

89.2

53.3

 Zinc (mg/d)

4.0

12

9.4

4.6

4.8

 

19.8

11.3

5.2

0.6

 

35.3

  1. DRI Dietary reference intake, EAR Estimated Average Requirement, AMDR Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range, AI Adequate Intake, UL Upper Limit, from the Institute of Medicine