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Table 3 Description of mother-infant dyads included in analyses of minimum infant dietary diversity implementation at 12 months and maintenance from 12 to 18 months

From: Implementation and maintenance of infant dietary diversity in Zimbabwe: contribution of food and water insecurity

Characteristics

Implementation

Maintenance

n

636

624

Mothers

Age (years)1

26.7 (6.5)

26.7 (6.5)

Height (cm)1

160.4 (7.2)

160.4 (7.2)

Education

 Primary

108 (17)

107 (17.2)

 Some secondary

231 (36.3)

224 (35.9)

 Completed secondary

297 (46.7)

293 (47.0)

Married

606 (95.3)

594 (95.2)

Employed outside the home

58 (9.1)

57 (9.1)

Parity

 Parous

411 (64.6)

403 (64.6)

 Nulliparous

82 (12.9)

81 (13.0)

 Missing

143 (22.5)

140 (22.4)

Religion

 Apostolic

277 (43.6)

272 (43.6)

 Other Christian

309 (48.6)

304 (48.7)

 Other religion

50 (7.9)

48 (7.7)

HIV-negative

543 (85.4)

535 (85.7)

High fidelity of intervention

536 (84.3)

526 (84.3)

Calendar quarter at baseline

 January to March

199 (31.3)

196 (31.4)

 April to June

129 (20.3)

123 (19.7)

 July to September

131 (20.6)

128 (20.5)

 October to December

177 (27.8)

177 (28.4)

Depression score1a

2.82 (3.92)

2.83 (3.94)

Mothering self-efficacy1b

3.98 (0.39)

3.98 (0.39)

Households

 SES

  Lower

155 (24.4)

152 (24.4)

  Middle

241 (37.9)

238 (38.1)

  Upper

240 (37.7)

234 (37.5)

Any latrine available

251 (39.5)

242 (38.8)

District

 Chirumanzu

349 (54.9)

337 (54.0)

 Shurugwi

287 (45.1)

287 (46.0)

Household size2

5 (3)

5 (3)

MHFI2c

 Poor food access

-0.55 (1.27)

-0.63 (1.3)

 Household shocks

-0.13 (1.24)

-0.13 (1.25)

 Low food availability & quality

-0.34 (1.34)

-0.34 (1.35)

MHWI2d

 Poor water access

-0.59 (1.14)

-0.59 (1.12)

 Poor water quality

-0.44 (2.00)

-0.44 (2.00)

 Low water reliability

-0.33 (0.22)

-0.33 (0.22)

Infants

Male

320 (50.3)

314 (50.3)

Preterm

129 (20.3)

127 (20.4)

Birthweight (kg)1

3.10 (0.49)

3.10 (0.49)

Infant MIDD outcomes*

 MIDD implementation

  No

221 (34.8)

-

  Yes

415 (65.3)

-

MIDD maintenance

 Unmet at both M12 and M18

-

56 (9.0)

 Unmet at M12 only

-

159 (25.5)

 Unmet at M18 only

-

75 (12.0)

 Met at both M12 and M18

-

334 (53.5)

  1. All categorical variables are presented as n (%), unless otherwise specified
  2. 1Continuous variable, normally distributed, presented as mean (SD)
  3. 2Continuous variable, non−normally distributed, presented as median (IQR)
  4. aMeasured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (score: 0–30)
  5. bMothering self−efficacy measured using questions adapted from the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and Parenting Self−Agency Measure (score: 0–5)
  6. cMHFI Multidimensional Household Food Insecurity
  7. dMHWI Multidimensional Household Water Insecurity
  8. Higher scores on MHFI and MHWI indicate higher insecurity
  9. *Based on 7 food groups: 1) grains, roots, and tubers, 2) legumes and nuts, 3) dairy products, 4) flesh foods, 5) eggs, 6) vitamin−A rich fruits and vegetables, and 7) other fruits and vegetables