Sex | Age (years) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | 20–24 | 25–29 | 30–34 | 35–39 | Total | |
Variables | N(%) | N(%) | N(%) | N(%) | N(%) | N(%) | N(%) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||||
Underweight (< 18.5) | 1(0.9) | 2(1.6) | 1(1.2) | 1(1.4) | 1(2.1) | 0(0.0) | 3(1.3) |
Normal (18.5–24.9) | 64(57.1) | 64(50.0) | 59(69.4) | 43(60.6) | 16(34.0) | 10(27.0) | 128(53.2) |
Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 25(22.3) | 32(25.0) | 13(15.3) | 17(23.9) | 16(34.0) | 11(29.7) | 57(23.8) |
Obese (≥ 30.0) | 22(19.7) | 30(23.4) | 12(14.1) | 10(14.1) | 14(29.9) | 16(43.3) | 52(21.7) |
Total | 112(100.0) | 128(100.0) | 85(100.0) | 71(100.0) | 47(100.0) | 37(100.0) | 240(100.0) |
P value | 0.714 | 0.000*** | |||||
Waist circumferencea | |||||||
Normal | 92(82.1) | 56(43.8) | 62(72.9) | 44(62.0) | 26(55.3) | 16(43.2) | 148(61.7) |
Abdominal obesity | 20(17.9) | 72(56.2) | 23(27.1) | 27(38.0) | 21(44.7) | 21(56.8) | 92(38.3) |
Total | 112(100.0) | 128(100.0) | 85(100.0) | 71(100.0) | 47(100.0) | 37(100.0) | 240(100.0) |
P value | 0.000*** | 0.014* | |||||
Waist hip ratio (WHR)b | |||||||
Low risk | 81(72.3) | 65(50.8) | 63(74.1) | 44(62.0) | 25(53.2) | 14(37.8) | 146(60.8) |
High risk | 31(27.7) | 63(49.2) | 22(25.9) | 27(38.0) | 22(46.8) | 23(62.2) | 94(39.2) |
Total | 112(100.0) | 128(100.0) | 85(100.0) | 71(100.0) | 47(100.0) | 37(100.0) | 240(100.0) |
P value | 0.001** | 0.000*** | |||||
Physical activity levelc | |||||||
Sedentary/lightly active | 60(53.6) | 36(28.1) | 39(45.9) | 27(38.0) | 16(34.0) | 14(37.9) | 96(40.0) |
Moderately active | 43(38.4) | 34(26.6) | 22(25.9) | 23(32.4) | 20(42.6) | 12(32.4) | 77(32.1) |
Vigorously active | 9(8.0) | 58(45.3) | 24(28.2) | 21(29.6) | 11(23.4) | 11(29.7) | 67(27.9) |
Total | 112(100.0) | 128(100.0) | 85(100.0) | 71(100.0) | 47(100.0) | 37(100.0) | 240(100.0) |
P value | 0.000*** | 0.629 | |||||
Energy balance | |||||||
Positive | 69(61.6) | 96(75.0) | 52(61.2) | 45(63.4) | 40(85.1) | 28(75.7) | 165(68.8) |
Negative | 43(38.4) | 32(25.0) | 33(38.8) | 26(36.6) | 7(14.9) | 9(24.3) | 75(31.2) |
Total | 112(100.0) | 128(100.0) | 85(100.0) | 71(100.0) | 47(100.0) | 37(100.0) | 240(100.0) |
P value | 0.026* | 0.003** | |||||
Energy parameters (mean ± SD) | |||||||
Energy intake (kcal/day) | 2398.8 ± 494.761 | 2431.1 ± 876.664 | 2371.2 ± 1024.695ab | 2285.3 ± 497.793a | 2560.7 ± 416.600ab | 2586.0 ± 467.587b | 2416.0 ± 722.728 |
P value | 0.731 | ||||||
Energy expenditure (kcal/day) | 2274.3 ± 385.792 | 2126.6 ± 371.403 | 2169.4 ± 411.625a | 2182.7 ± 377.130a | 2248.8 ± 273.534a | 2212.6 ± 456.373a | 2195.5 ± 384.544 |
P value | 0.003** | ||||||
Energy balance (kcal/day) | 124.5 ± 588.637 | 304.4 ± 921.041 | 201.8 ± 1083.158a | 102.5 ± 629.780a | 311.9 ± 483.100a | 373.5 ± 494.546a | 220.5 ± 787.271 |
P value | 0.077 | ||||||
% contribution of energy intake to RId | 85.7 | 110.5 |