Table 1 Characteristics of study population and regression analysis between demographic characteristic and legumes intake with CVD status

BMI

27.48 (5.04)

25.95 (4.28)

Age

54.80 (8.76)

48.64 (9.07)

CVD status, frequency (%)

Yes

No

p value

POR (95% CI)

Demographic

BMI

 < 0.001*

Obese

947 (62.3)

572 (37.7)

2.32 (2.07 – 2.60)

Non-obese

3273 (41.6)

4592 (58.4)

Ref

Age

 < 0.001*

35–40

273 (19.2)

1152 (80.8)

Ref

41–50

1085 (35.4)

1980 (64.6)

2.31 (1.99 – 2.69)

51–60

1619 (53.9)

1384 (46.1)

4.94 (4.25 – 5.74)

61–70

1243 (65.7)

648 (34.3)

8.09 (6.88 – 9.52)

Gender

0.077

Male

1824 (44.0)

2326 (56.0)

Ref

Female

2396 (45.8)

2838 (54.2)

1.07 (0.99 – 1.17)

Race

0.269

Malay

3679 (45.2)

4457 (54.8)

1.07 (0.95 – 1.21)

Non- Malay

520 (43.5)

675 (56.5)

Ref

Education

 < 0.001*

None

545 (57.4)

405 (42.6)

2.72 (2.27 – 3.26)

Primary

1696 (55.6)

1352 (44.4)

2.54 (2.19 – 2.93)

Secondary

1613 (37.7)

2671 (62.3)

1.22 (1.06 – 1.41)

Tertiary

363 (33.1)

734 (66.9)

Ref

Employment Status

 < 0.001*

Yes

1918 (39.7)

2918 (60.3)

Ref

No

2284 (50.7)

2225 (49.3)

1.56 (1.44 – 1.69)

Marital status

 < 0.001*

Single

68 (31.6)

147 (68.4)

Ref

Married

3759 (44.4)

4699 (55.6)

1.73 (1.29 – 2.31)

Separated

388 (55.3)

313 (44.7)

2.68 (1.94 – 3.70)

Residency

 < 0.001*

Urban

1814 (40.4)

2677 (59.6)

Ref

Rural

2406 (49.2)

2487 (50.8)

1.43 (1.32 – 1.55)

Legumes intake

Minimum 3 servings/day

0.006*

 < 3

4165 (44.8)

5126 (55.2)

0.56 (0.37 – 0.85)

 ≥ 3

55 (59.1)

38 (40.9)

Ref