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Table 5 Fasting serum concentrations of metabolites in the kynurenine pathway

From: Serum concentrations of amino acids and tryptophan metabolites are affected by consumption of a light breakfast: a clinical intervention study in adults with overweight or obesity

 

Total (N = 63)

Men (N = 27)

Women (N = 36)

P sex

Kynurenine (µmol/l)

1.54 (1.46, 1.62)

1.66 (1.55, 1.78)

1.44 (1.35, 1.55)

0.032

Kynurenic acid (nmol/l)

57.7 (52.9, 63.0)

67.7 (59.8, 76.7)

50.8 (45.5, 56.7)

9.0 × 10–3

Anthranilic acid (nmol/l)

16.2 (14.8, 17.6)

17.8 (15.4, 20.6)

15.0 (13.5, 16.6)

0.21

3-Hydroxykynurenine (nmol/l)

58.4 (54.5, 62.5)

62.4 (56.3, 69.1)

55.4 (50.5, 60.8)

0.30

Xanthurenic acid (nmol/l)

18.3 (16.6, 20.2)

22.0 (19.4, 24.9)

15.8 (13.9, 18.0)

7.4 × 10–3

3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid (nmol/l)

46.4 (42.5, 50.7)

54.0 (46.5, 62.8)

41.2 (37.6, 45.3)

0.025

Picolinic acid (nmol/l)

38.2 (35.2, 41.5)

45.9 (40.6, 51.8)

33.0 (30.2, 36.1)

8.5 × 10–4

Quinolinic acid (nmol/l)

412 (388, 437)

415 (376, 458)

410 (379, 443)

0.96

  1. Data are presented as geometric means with 5, 95% CI. Men and women were compared using independent samples T test. P < 0.05 was considered significant