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Table 4 Comparison of body composition measures at baseline and week 12 among nursing mothers

From: The effect of vitamin D supplementation on body composition in nursing mothers with overweight or obesity: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

variable

 

Baseline

w

Mean change (95% Confidence interval)

P-value b

Weight (kg)

VD1a

79.8 ± 11.8

73 ± 11.5

− 6.7 (− 9.1/− 4.5)

0.7 [0.7]

VD2a,C

79.9 ± 10.6

73.7 ± 10

− 6.2 (− 8.3/− 4.2)

 

PLa

78.2 ± 8.4

72.6 ± 8.5

− 5.6 (− 6.7/− 4.5)

 

Body Mass Index (kg m2)

VD1

30.5 ± 3.6

27.8 ± 4.7

− 2.7 (− 4.7/− 0.7)

0.6 [0.6]

VD2

30.8 ± 3.2

28.8 ± 3.4

− 2.0 (− 4.0/− 0.01)

 

PL

30.1 ± 3.1

28.6 ± 4.1

− 1.5 (− 3.3/0.4)

 

Waist Circumference (cm)

VD1

90.4 ± 8.3

91.7 ± 11.9

1.3 (− 3.9/6.5)

0.6 [0.8]

VD2

91.7 ± 6.2

93.7 ± 3.2

2.0 (− 1.0/4.9)

 

PL

90.2 ± 6.8

93.1 ± 3.8

3.1 (0.5/5.7)

 

Relative Fat Mass Index (m)

VD1

64.7 ± 0.9

64.6 ± 1.5

− 0.1 (− 0.8/0.5)

0.7 [0.8]

VD2

64.5 ± 0.7

64.3 ± 0.4

− 0.2 (− 0.6/0.1)

 

PL

64.7 ± 0.8

64.3 ± 0.6

− 0.4 (− 0.7/− 0.06)

 

Fat Free Mass (kg)

VD1

51.1 ± 6.04

45.6 ± 6.9

− 5.6 (− 8.8/− 2.3)

0.7 [0.7]

VD2

49.6 ± 5.9

44.5 ± 4.1

− 5.0 (− 7.9/− 2.3)

 

PL

50.2 ± 5.9

43.5 ± 6

− 6.7 (− 9.9/− 3.5)

 

Skeletal Muscle Mass (kg)

VD1

27.9 ± 3.5

24.2 ± 6.09

− 3.7 (− 6.1/− 1. 2)

0.7 [0.7]

VD2

27.1 ± 3.5

24.5 ± 2.6

− 2.6 (− 4.4/− 0.9)

 

PL

27.5 ± 3.4

23.9 ± 3.8

−3.6 (− 5.5/− 1.6)

 

Fat Mass (kg)

VD1

29.3 ± 6.1

30.3 ± 5.6

1.0 (− 1.9/3.9)

0.007 [0.005]

VD2c

31.5 ± 6.7

27.2 ± 4.6

−4.3 (− 7.0 /− 1.1)

 

PL

27.8 ± 5.6

29.9 ± 6.9

2.1 (− 1.3/5.2)

 

Percentage Of Body Fat

VD1

40.3 ± 6.9

38.7 ± 8.6

− 1.6 (− 5.5/2.4)

0.007 [0.007]

VD2c

42.7 ± 7.2

34.6 ± 6.7

−8.1 (− 12.0/− 4.2)

 

PL

38.2 ± 5.5

38.7 ± 9.5

0.4 (− 3.4/4.3)

 

Fat Mass Index (kg/m2)

VD1

11.2 ± 2.1

11.6 ± 2.1

0.4 (− 0.6/1.5)

0.006 [0.005]

VD2c

12.1 ± 2.4

10.5 ± 1.8

− 1.6 (− 2.6/− 0.5)

 

PL

10.8 ± 2.4

11.6 ± 2.8

0.7 (− 0.3/1.9)

 
  1. Data on baseline and week 12 are presented as mean ± standard deviation
  2. a Three groups of 2000 IU vitamin D3/d (VD1), 4000 IU vitamin D3/d (VD2), and placebo (PL)
  3. b P-value is reported based on two-way repeated measure ANOVA (mixed ANOVA) to assess time effect and time by treatment effect interactions on all outcome variables after adjustment for mean change of weight (except for weight and body mass index) and saturated fatty acids intake before intervention. Numbers in brackets represent unadjusted P values
  4. C Significant difference with placebo and VD1 groups. (Obtained from two-way mixed ANOVA with Bonferroni correction)