Table 4 Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors affecting child feeding practices among children aged 6 − 23 months in remote Mugu district of Nepal (n = 318)
Variables | Child feeding practices | Bivariate model cOR (95% CI) | P-value1 | Multivariable model aOR (95% CI) | P-value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Appropriate n (%) | Inappropriate n (%) | |||||
Socio-demographic characteristics | ||||||
 Ethnicity | ||||||
  Advantaged ethnic group | 62 (71.3) | 148 (64.1) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  Disadvantaged ethnic group | 25 (28.7) | 83 (35.9) | 1.39 (0.81–2.37) | 0.228 | 1.22 (0.65–2.29) | 0.528 |
 Father's occupation | ||||||
  Paid | 27 (31.1) | 41 (17.7) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  Unpaid | 60 (68.9) | 190 (82.3) | 2.08 (1.18–3.67) | 0.011* | 1.18 (0.45–3.10) | 0.723 |
 Family type | ||||||
  Nuclear | 34 (39.1) | 72 (31.2) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  Extended | 53 (60.9) | 159 (68.8) | 1.41 (0.84–2.36) | 0.183 | 1.45 (0.81–2.59) | 0.203 |
 Family monthly income | ||||||
  Rs < 15 k (150 USD) | 55 (63.2) | 173 (74.9) | 1.73 (1.02–2.94) | 0.041* | 1.19 (1.05–2.42) | 0.045* |
  Rs 15-50 k (150- 500 USD) | 32 (36.8) | 58 (25.1) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  Place of delivery | ||||||
  Home Delivery | 4 (4.6) | 26 (11.3) | 2.63 (0.89–7.77) | 0.080 | 4.70 (1.03–21.31) | 0.045* |
  Health facility | 83 (95.4) | 205 (88.7) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Distance between house and nearest health facility | ||||||
  < 1 h | 57 (65.5) | 135 (58.4) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  > 1 h | 30 (34.5) | 96 (41.5) | 1.35 (0.80–2.25) | 0.251 | 1.60 (0.88–2.92) | 0.119 |
 Place for child illness treatment | ||||||
  Hospital | 39 (37.9) | 92 (39.8) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  Health post | 39 (44.8) | 96 (41.6) | 0.88 (0.51–1.52) | 0.654 | 0.75 (0.40–1.37) | 0.353 |
  Traditional healers (Dhami, jhakri) | 15 (17.3) | 43 (18.6) | 1.02 (0.50–2.09) | 0.939 | 0.79 (0.36–1.72) | 0.555 |
 Maternal factors | ||||||
  Respondent’s age | ||||||
   Below 25 | 52 (59.8) | 136 (58.9) | 1.06 (0.60–1.88) | 0.832 | 1.06 (0.52–2.14) | 0.860 |
   25 to 30 | 24 (27.6) | 59 (25.5) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
   30 and above | 11 (12.6) | 36 (15.6) | 1.33 (0.58–3.03) | 0.497 | 1.43 (0.60–3.40) | 0.409 |
  Mothers’ education | ||||||
   No education | 32 (36.78) | 111 (48.1) | 1.49 (0.82–2.70) | 0.284 | 1.31 (0.39–4.38) | 0.652 |
   Primary | 27 (31.1) | 55 (23.8) | 0.87 (0.46–1.66) | 0.689 | 0.90 (0.27–3.00) | 0.871 |
   Secondary/higher | 28 (32.1) | 65 (28.1) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  Mother's occupation | ||||||
   Paid | 25 (28.7) | 29 (12.5) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
   Unpaid | 62 (71.3) | 202 (87.5) | 2.80 (1.53–5.14) | 0.001* | 2.56 (1.06–6.19) | 0.036* |
  Mother age at marriage in years | ||||||
   < 20 | 45 (51.7) | 135 (58.4) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
   > 20 | 42 (48.3) | 96 (41.5) | 0.76 (0.46–1.25) | 0.282 | 0.84 (0.34–2.05) | 0.712 |
Age at first pregnancy | ||||||
   < 20 | 33 (37.9) | 105 (45.4) | 1.36 (0.82–2.25) | 0.228 | 1.09 (0.45–2.63) | 0.841 |
   > 20 | 54 (62.1) | 126 (54.6) | Ref |  |  |  |
ANC visit during last pregnancy | ||||||
   > 4 ANC visit | 8 (9.2) | 21 (9.1) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
   < 4 ANC visit | 79 (90.8) | 210 (90.9) | 0.98 (0.42–2.32) | 0.977 | 0.31 (0.0.08–1.10) | 0.070 |
 Child factors | ||||||
  Sex of the child | ||||||
   Male | 48 (55.2) | 105 (45.5) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
   Female | 39 (44.8) | 126 (54.5) | 1.47 (0.89–2.42) | 0.123 | 1.61 (0.93–2.77) | 0.085 |
  Age of child | ||||||
   6–11 months | 54 (62.1) | 135 (58.4) | 0.76 (0.39–1.47) | 0.426 | 0.72 (0.35–1.48) | 0.379 |
   12–17 months | 18 (20.7) | 47 (20.4) | 0.79 (0.36–1.76) | 0.580 | 0.77 (0.31–1.91) | 0.585 |
   18–23 months | 15 (17.2) | 49 (21.2) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  Childbirth weight | ||||||
   < 2.5 kg | 14 (16.1) | 43 (18.6) | 1.19 (0.61–2.30) | 0.601 | 1.18 (0.56–2.51) | 0.651 |
   > 2.5 kg | 73 (83.9) | 188 (81.4) | Ref |  | Ref |  |
  Expenditure of allowance on child nutrition | ||||||
   No | 16 (18.4) | 38 (16.4) | 0.87 (0.45–1.66) | 0.681 | 0.88 (0.44–1.77) | 0.731 |
   Yes | 71 (81.6) | 193 (83.6) | Ref |  | Ref |  |