Articles

Usual food intakes of 2- and 3-year old U.S. children are not consistent with dietary guidelines

The primary purpose of this paper is to assess how well food consumption patterns of young children in the U.S. conform to the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. A secondary purpose is to gain insight into fo...

Authors: Mary Kay Fox, Elizabeth Gearan, Judith Cannon, Ronette Briefel, Denise M. Deming, Alison L. Eldridge and Kathleen C. Reidy

Research needs and prioritizations for studies linking dietary sugars and potentially related health outcomes

Relationships among dietary sugars and a variety of chronic diseases have spawned interest in investigating the metabolic effects of dietary sugars. An approach developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research ...

Authors: Mei Chung, Ding Ding Wang, Edward Archer, Janine Higgins, Sery Kim, Maren Laughlin, Lu Qi, Susan Raatz, Richard D. Siegel, Joanne Slavin, Dan Steffen, Hope Warshaw and Alice M. Tang

Concerning public health situation of under-nutrition in children and anemia in women in Indian Sundarbans delta: a community based cross-sectional investigation

The National Family Health Survey-Round 3 in India during 2005–2006 recorded more children and women as anaemic compared to the prevailing situation eight years ago; more children also had wasting. Analysis of...

Authors: Samiran Panda, Chittapriyo Sadhu, Gopal Pramanik, Sobha Pahari and Jakir Hossain

Adequacy of energy, zinc and selenium intakes among adult inpatients receiving total naso-gastric tube feeding admitted to a Copperbelt province Referral Hospital, in Ndola District, Zambia

Poor hospital outcomes among adult patients admitted to hospitals have been attributed to inadequate nutrient intake and progressive disease conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the adequacy ...

Authors: Murambiwa Nyati, Irene Ogada and Christopher Nyirenda

Low mid-upper arm circumference identifies children with a high risk of death who should be the priority target for treatment

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is currently defined by the WHO as either a low mid-upper arm circumference (i.e. MUAC <115 mm), a low weight-for-height z-score (i.e. WHZ <− 3), or bilateral pitting oedema. MU...

Authors: André Briend, José-Luis Alvarez, Nathalie Avril, Paluku Bahwere, Jeanette Bailey, James A. Berkley, Paul Binns, Nikki Blackwell, Nancy Dale, Hedwig Deconinck, Pascale Delchevalerie, Nicky Dent, Maureen Gallagher, Saul Guerrero, Kerstin Hanson, Marko Kerac…

Evaluation of outpatient therapeutic programme for management of severe acute malnutrition in three districts of the eastern province, Zambia

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children under 5 years of age is a major cause of child mortality during hospital admission worldwide, and is attributed to poor case management. The Outpatient Therapeutic P...

Authors: Mike Mwanza, Kufre J. Okop and Thandi Puoane

Being the younger child in a large African Family: a study of birth order as a risk factor for poor health using the demographic and health surveys for 18 countries

One hundred eighty six nations have adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), one of which, SDG 3.2, aims to reduce under-5 mortality to 25 deaths per thousand in all countries by 2030. Achieving this g...

Authors: Embry M. Howell, Nikhil Holla and Timothy Waidmann

Caregiver experiences, attitudes and perceptions about feeding toddlers and preschool children in Switzerland: a qualitative study

Young children depend upon caregivers to make healthy food and beverage choices on their behalf. Research to understand caregiver perspectives may help develop interventions to improve diets and offer new insi...

Authors: Emma F. Jacquier, Anthony Gatrell and Amanda Bingley

Antibiotic resistant microencapsulated probiotics synergistically preserved orange juice

In contemporary medicine, the utilization of various dosage forms of probiotics is increasing both for the treatment of human and animal diseases in Bangladesh. A number of imported pharmaceutical probiotic pr...

Authors: Md Shahid Hossain, Md Abdul Alim Al-Bari, Zahid Hayat Mahmud and Mir Imam Ibne Wahed

Do dietary patterns explain high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among Pakistani urban adults? A cross-sectional study

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in South Asia is higher than in any other developing countries. The diversity of diets in populations among developing countries may be one explanation for the di...

Authors: Nilofer F. Safdar, Elizabeth Bertone-Johnson, Lorraine Cordeiro, Tazeen H. Jafar and Nancy L. Cohen

Children with moderate acute malnutrition have inflammation not explained by maternal reports of illness and clinical symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso

Morbidity plays an important role in the development of and recovery from malnutrition. Morbidity in children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) has not been described in detail and it is unclear how morbi...

Authors: B. Cichon, C. Fabiansen, C. W. Yaméogo, M. J. H. Rytter, C. Ritz, A. Briend, V. B. Christensen, K. F. Michaelsen, R. Oummani, S. Filteau, P. Ashorn, S. Shepherd and H. Friis

Validation of triple pass 24-hour dietary recall in Ugandan children by simultaneous weighed food assessment

Undernutrition remains highly prevalent in African children, highlighting the need for accurately assessing dietary intake. In order to do so, the assessment method must be validated in the target population. ...

Authors: Helen Nightingale, Kevin J. Walsh, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Charles Engoru, Tonny Ssenyondo, Julius Nteziyaremye, Denis Amorut, Margaret Nakuya, Margaret Arimi, Gary Frost and Kathryn Maitland

Exploring mechanisms of food insecurity in indigenous agricultural communities in Guatemala: a mixed methods study

The country of Guatemala has one of the highest rates of chronic child malnutrition in the world, which primarily affects the rural, indigenous Maya population. In this study we explore the apparent paradox of...

Authors: Meghan Farley Webb, Anita N. Chary, Thomas T. De Vries, Samantha Davis, Michael Dykstra, David Flood, Margaret Haley Rhodes and Peter Rohloff

Translating the impact of quality protein maize into improved nutritional status for Ethiopian children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Linear growth failure is the most common form of undernutrition. Childhood stunting impairs human development and health and productivity in adulthood. Ethiopia has a high prevalence of stunting, with diets re...

Authors: Masresha Tessema, Nilupa S. Gunaratna, Katherine Donato, Jessica L. Cohen, Margaret McConnell, Demissie Belayneh, Inge D. Brouwer, Tefera Belachew and Hugo De Groote

Carotenoids and alkylresorcinols as objective biomarkers of diet quality when assessing the validity of a web-based food record tool and a food frequency questionnaire in a middle-aged population

Recently, two web-based dietary assessment tools were developed; a 4-day food record tool (the Riksmaten method), and a food frequency questionnaire (MiniMeal-Q). The aim of this study was to use objective bio...

Authors: Sanna Nybacka, Anna Karin Lindroos, Elisabet Wirfält, Per Leanderson, Rikard Landberg, Ulrika Ericson, Ingrid Larsson, Eva Warensjö Lemming, Göran Bergström, Bo Hedblad, Marju Orho-Melander, Olle Melander, Anna Winkvist and Heléne Bertéus Forslund

A 6-month randomised controlled trial investigating effects of Mediterranean-style diet and fish oil supplementation on dietary behaviour change, mental and cardiometabolic health and health-related quality of life in adults with depression (HELFIMED): study protocol

Modern diets, characterised by excess consumption of processed foods, are accompanied by an epidemic of chronic diseases. Cardiovascular disease and depression carry a large burden of disease and often occur t...

Authors: Dorota Zarnowiecki, Jihyun Cho, Amy Wilson, Svetlana Bogomolova, Anthony Villani, Catherine Itsiopoulos, Theo Niyonsenga, Kerin O’Dea, Sarah Blunden, Barbara Meyer, Leonie Segal and Natalie Parletta

Determinants of severity levels of anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia: further analysis of the 2011 Ethiopian demographic and health survey

Childhood anemia is the major public health problem in Ethiopia. It has been implicated with growth retardation, impaired motor and cognitive development, and childhood morbidity and mortality. Thus this study...

Authors: Kindie Fentahun Muchie

Anomalous association of salivary amylase secretion with the postprandial glycaemic response to starch

This study is an investigation as to whether salivary amylase secretory rates are correlated with the magnitude of postprandial glycaemic responses to starch ingestion in healthy young Malaysian adults.

Authors: Peter Michael Barling, Sangeetha Shyam, Mayure Devi Selvathevan and Snigdha Misra

Prevalence of undernutrition and risk factors of severe undernutrition among children admitted to Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, Tanzania

Malnutrition is a major public health problem in developing countries including Tanzania, contributing up to 50 % of under-five mortality. East Africa region was among the three United Nations (UN) subregions ...

Authors: Maimuna M. Ahmed, Adolfine Hokororo, Benson R. Kidenya, Rogatus Kabyemera and Erasmus Kamugisha

Salient beliefs among Canadian adults regarding milk and cheese consumption: a qualitative study based on the theory of planned behaviour

In spite of multiple efforts by public health authorities to promote consumption of milk and alternatives in the Canadian adult population, consumption of these healthy foods is still suboptimal. This study ai...

Authors: Marie-Josée Lacroix, Sophie Desroches, Mylène Turcotte, Geneviève Painchaud Guérard, Paul Paquin, François Couture and Veronique Provencher

Nutritional characterisation of low-income households of Nairobi: socioeconomic, livestock and gender considerations and predictors of malnutrition from a cross-sectional survey

In sub-Saharan Africa, urban informal settlements are rapidly expanding, leading to overcrowding and constituting challenging environments for food and water supplies, health and nutrition. The study objective...

Authors: Paula Dominguez-Salas, P. Alarcón, B. Häsler, I. R. Dohoo, K. Colverson, E. W. Kimani-Murage, S. Alonso, E. Ferguson, E. M. Fèvre, J. Rushton and D. Grace

Serum parathyroid hormone is related to genetic variation in vitamin D binding protein with respect to total, free, and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D in middle-aged Caucasians – a cross-sectional study

Vitamin D binding protein (DBP) binds vitamin D and its plasma metabolites, including 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), in the circulation. Only a small fraction circulates free (free 25(OH)D). Genetic variation ...

Authors: Elisa Saarnio, Minna Pekkinen, Suvi T Itkonen, Virpi Kemi, Heini Karp, Merja Kärkkäinen, Outi Mäkitie and Christel Lamberg-Allardt

Pregnancy eating attributes study (PEAS): a cohort study examining behavioral and environmental influences on diet and weight change in pregnancy and postpartum

The rising prevalence of maternal overweight/obesity and excessive gestational weight gain poses a serious public health concern due to the contribution of these factors to increased risk of negative health ou...

Authors: Tonja R. Nansel, Leah M. Lipsky, Anna Maria Siega-Riz, Kyle Burger, Myles Faith and Aiyi Liu

Magnitude and factors associated with malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age in Shinille Woreda, Ethiopian Somali regional state: a cross-sectional study

Malnutrition among children remains common in many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries. In Ethiopia, it is one of the most important health and welfare problems among infants and young chi...

Authors: Abdibari Ma’alin, Dereje Birhanu, Samuel Melaku, Daniel Tolossa, Yusuf Mohammed and Kiros Gebremicheal

Do the feeding practices and nutrition status among HIV-exposed infants less than 6 months of age follow the recommended guidelines in Bomet County, Kenya?

Globally, about 1.5 million pregnancies are among women living with the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV). In 2013, an estimated overall HIV prevalence of 0.34 % was reported in antenatal women in Kenya, wit...

Authors: Purity Chepkorir Lang’at, Irene Awuor Ogada, Audrey Steenbeek, Godfrey Odinga and Michael M. Mwachiro

Feeding practices and malnutrition at the Princess Marie Louise Children’s hospital, Accra: what has changed after 80 years?

Sub-optimal feeding practices are associated with malnutrition. In 1933, Dr Cecily Williams, while working at Princess Marie Louise Children’s Hospital (PML) in Accra described Kwashiorkor as the disease of ch...

Authors: Edem M. A. Tette, Eric K. Sifah, Priscilla Tete-Donkor, Peter Nuro-Ameyaw and Edmund T. Nartey

The food and activity environments of childcare centers in Rhode Island: a directors’ survey

The food and activity environments of childcare have been identified as promising areas in which to improve nutrition and activity for children.

Authors: Patricia Markham Risica, Sarah Amin, Angela Ankoma and Eliza Lawson

Risk factors associated with underweight status in children under five: an analysis of the 2010 Rwanda Demographic Health Survey (RDHS)

Under-nutrition contributes to childhood morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-income countries. While Rwanda is one of few countries on track to reduce the prevalence of underweight children under five...

Authors: Assumpta Mukabutera, Dana R. Thomson, Bethany L. Hedt-Gauthier, Paulin Basinga, Laetitia Nyirazinyoye and Megan Murray

Evaluation of the relative validity of a Web-based food frequency questionnaire used to assess Soy Isoflavones and nutrient intake in adolescents

Dietary assessment during adolescence is crucial in determining how adolescents’ consumption habits potentially affect current and long-term health. However, assessment methods for adolescents need to be relev...

Authors: Gina Segovia-Siapco, Keiji Oda and Joan Sabaté

Dietary diversity and related factors among lactating women visiting public health facilities in Aksum town, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

Dietary diversity is a proxy indicator of maternal nutrient adequacy. However, little is documented on dietary diversity among lactating mothers. Therefore, this study assessed diet diversity and associated fa...

Authors: Negassie Berhe Weldehaweria, Kebede Haile Misgina, Meresa Gebremedhin Weldu, Yosef Sibhatu Gebregiorgis, Berhane Hailu Gebrezgi, Shewit Weldu Zewdie, Helen Aregawi Ngusse, Higus Guesh Gebrewa and Wubrst Alemu

Prevalence of physical inactivity and associated socioeconomic indicators in indigenous Xavante communities in Central Brazil

Among numerous factors linked to nutrition transition globally, physical inactivity has been identified as a key triggering factor. At present, little is known about physical activity patterns among the Indige...

Authors: J. Rodolfo M. Lucena, Carlos E. A. Coimbra Jr., Cosme M. F. Passos da Silva and James R. Welch

Sodium intake in Germany estimated from sodium excretion measured in spot urine samples

Population sodium intake and its impact on public health has been a subject of a critical scientific debate for many years. The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1) facilitate the ...

Authors: Stefanie Klenow, Michael Thamm and Gert B. M. Mensink

Poverty and poor education are key determinants of high household food insecurity among populations adjoining forest concessions in the Congo Basin

The trees and non-timber forest products (NTFPs) of the Congo Basin play a key role in alleviating food insecurity among millions of people around the world. Although many studies have been conducted both nati...

Authors: Pauline Donn, Judith Laure Ngondi, Julius Chupezi Tieguhong, Donald Midoko Iponga, Obadia Tchingsabe, Robert Fungo, Mathurin Tchatat and Jean Marie Kahindo

A randomized controlled trial of the effects of a prudent diet on cardiovascular risk factors, gene expression, and DNA methylation - the Diet and Genetic Intervention (DIGEST) Pilot study

Risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) can be increased by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 9p21 region of the genome. However, observational studies have shown that the deleterious effect of 9p21 S...

Authors: Michael A. Zulyniak, Russell J. de Souza, Andrew Mente, Sujane Kandasamy, Monisha Nundy, Dipika Desai, Kripa Raman, Ranya Hasso, Guillaume Pare, Joseph Beyene and Sonia S. Anand

Iron deficiency decreases renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃-1α-hydroxylase activity and bone formation in rats

Dietary iron intake is associated with bone metabolism in human and animals. Previous studies have suggested that iron deficiency diminishes bone formation and causes bone loss in rats, however, the detailed m...

Authors: Shinichi Katsumata, Rie Katsumata, Naoki Matsumoto, Hirofumi Inoue, Nobuyuki Takahashi and Mariko Uehara

Malnutrition and associated factors in children: a comparative study between public and private schools in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana

Due to vulnerabilities resulting from disparities in socio-economic status (SES), most nutrition and health interventions are targeted at children in public schools. This study was conducted to investigate the...

Authors: Faith Agbozo, Prosper Atito and Abdulai Abubakari

Leucine disposal rate for assessment of amino acid metabolism in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Protein energy wasting (PEW) is common in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and closely associated with poor outcomes. Insulin resistance and associated alterations in amino acid metabolism ar...

Authors: Gerald B. Denny, Serpil M. Deger, Guanhua Chen, Aihua Bian, Feng Sha, Cindy Booker, Jaclyn T. Kesler, Sthuthi David, Charles D. Ellis and T. Alp Ikizler

Erratum to: Meat consumption providing a surplus energy in modern diet contributes to obesity prevalence: an ecological analysis

Authors: Wenpeng You and Maciej Henneberg

Excessive gestational calorie intake in sows regulates early postnatal adipose tissue development in the offspring

Many pregnancies in the United States are associated with maternal calorie overconsumption. Few data exist that track the impact of maternal and offspring calorie consumption on the risks for obesity development.

Authors: Kolapo M. Ajuwon, Emily J. Arentson-Lantz and Shawn S. Donkin

Effect of dietary vegetable oil consumption on blood glucose levels, lipid profile and weight in diabetic mice: an experimental case—control study

Free fatty acids have been reported to impair insulin action; Dietary fat composition has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance as well as fasting glycaemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thi...

Authors: Robert A. Ngala, Isaac Ampong, Samuel Asamoah Sakyi and Enoch Odame Anto

Research priorities for improving infant and young child feeding in humanitarian emergencies

There are many challenges during emergencies to ensure that optimal infant and young child feeding is protected, promoted and supported, but there is a dearth of evidence on strategies and programmes to improv...

Authors: Claudine Prudhon, Ali Maclaine, Andrew Hall, Prisca Benelli, Paige Harrigan and Jacqueline Frize

Stakeholder perceptions of research options to improve nutritional status in Uganda

Malnutrition is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan African countries including Uganda. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relevance of the current research options towards improving nutr...

Authors: David Lubogo and Christopher Garimoi Orach

Beneficial effects of rice endosperm protein intake in Japanese men with risk factors for metabolic syndrome: a randomized, crossover clinical trial

Rice protein is proved to have hypocholesterolemic and anti-atherosclerotic effects, and a few experimental studies showed its renoprotective effects, using animal diabetic models. However, no clinical studies...

Authors: Michihiro Hosojima, Ryohei Kaseda, Hazuki Kondo, Mikio Fujii, Masatoshi Kubota, Reiko Watanabe, Naohito Tanabe, Motoni Kadowaki, Yoshiki Suzuki and Akihiko Saito

Dietary phytate intake inhibits the bioavailability of iron and calcium in the diets of pregnant women in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

Phytate, a potent inhibitor of calcium, iron, and zinc absorption, may hamper the bioavailability of these micronutrients at the time of pregnancy. This study assessed dietary phytate intake and its inhibitory...

Authors: Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan, Mahedi Hassan, Sonjoy Saha, Mominul Islam, Masum Billah and Shimul Islam

Designing low-cost “heart healthy bread”: optimization using linear programing and 15-country comparison

Bread is an important component of the diet in many countries and provides needed nutrients but also typically too much of other nutrients e.g., sodium. We therefore aimed to use linear programing to determine...

Authors: Nick Wilson, Nhung Nghiem, Sian Ryan, Christine Cleghorn, Nisha Nair and Tony Blakely

Meat consumption providing a surplus energy in modern diet contributes to obesity prevalence: an ecological analysis

Excessive energy intake has been identified as a major contributor to the global obesity epidemic. However, it is not clear whether dietary patterns varying in their composition of food groups contribute. This...

Authors: Wenpeng You and Maciej Henneberg

Effect of micronutrient powder supplementation for two and four months on hemoglobin level of children 6–23 months old in a slum in Dhaka: a community based observational study

Anemia is pervasive among children under the age of two years in Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the effect of daily supplementation of multiple micronutrient powder (MNP) for 2 months and 4 months prim...

Authors: Mustafa Mahfuz, Mohammed Ashraful Alam, M Munirul Islam, Dinesh Mondal, M I Hossain, A M Shamsir Ahmed, Nuzhat Choudhury, Mohammad Jyoti Raihan, Rashidul Haque and Tahmeed Ahmed

Identifying acute malnutrition – do we have an answer for policy makers?

It is thought that 178 million children are underweight worldwide, and 20 million suffer from severe acute malnutrition each year, which carries a higher mortality. Growth parameters below a nominal cut-off in...

Authors: Rosan Meyer and Luise Marino

Kids’ meals from Canadian chain restaurants are exceedingly high in calories, fats, and sodium: a cross-sectional study

Due to the increased prevalence of eating outside-the-home, alongside high rates of childhood obesity, the objective of this study was to analyze the nutritional quality of kids’ meals (including main entrées ...

Authors: Zhila Semnani-Azad, Mary J. Scourboutakos and Mary R. L’Abbé

Treatment outcome among children under-five years hospitalized with severe acute malnutrition in St. Mary’s hospital Lacor, Northern Uganda

Severe malnutrition contributes to more than 60 % of deaths in children in developing countries. The minimum international standard set for management of severe acute malnutrition is a cure rate of at least 75...

Authors: Richard Nyeko, Valeria Calbi, Boniface Otto Ssegujja and Grace Flona Ayot