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Table 3 Simple logistic regression models showing the determinants of underweight and stunting among the study population

From: Malnutrition and associated factors in children: a comparative study between public and private schools in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana

Exploratory variables

Underweight

Stunting

n/N(%)

AOR (95 % CI)

P-value

n/N(%)

AOR (95 % CI)

P-value

School type

 Public

55/417(13.2)

7.5(2.4–23)

0.001

49/417(11.6)

2.7(0.8–8.8)

0.108

 Private

4/216(1.85)

Reference

 

5/215(2.3)

Reference

 

Sex

 Male

28/312(9.0)

Reference

 

26/321(8.1)

Reference

 

 Female

31/321(9.7)

0.9 (0.5–1.5)

0.611

28/312(9.0)

1.1(0.6–1.9)

0.855

Location of school

 Urban

19/342(5.6)

Reference

 

12/341(3.5)

Reference

 

 Rural

40/291(13.8)

1.2 (0.6–2.5)

0.663

42/291(14.4)

2.6(1.0–6.4)

0.043

Age of pupils (years)

 3–5

10/116(8.6)

Reference

 

9/115(7.8)

Reference

 

 6–12

49/517(9.5)

1.1(0.4–3.5)

0.828

45/517(8.7)

0.7(0.3–4.7)

0.637

Guardian occupation

 Formal

7/46(15.2)

Reference

 

6/46(13.0)

Reference

 

 Petty trader

10/239(4.2)

0.2 (0.1–0.6)

0.002

7/239(2.9)

0.2(0.1–1)

0.003

 Unemployed

9/81(11.1)

0.5(0.2–1.6)

0.268

6/80(7.5)

0.5(0.1–1.7)

0.270

 Artisan

9/89(10.1)

0.5 (0.2–1.6)

0.256

10/89(11.2)

0.8(0.2–2.3)

0.627

 Farmer

24/178(13.5)

0.4(0.2–1.2)

0.099

25/178(14.0)

0.5(0.2–1.4)

0.173

Fruit consumption ≥3 times weekly

 Yes

11/160(6.9)

Reference

 

8/159(5.0)

Reference

 

 No

48/473(10.2)

1.0 (0.5–2.2)

0.932

46/473(9.7)

1.4(0.6–3.4)

0.394

Eats breakfast every morning before school

 Yes

54/595(9.1)

Reference

 

52/594(8.8)

Reference

 

 No

5/38(13.2)

1.8(0.6–5.1)

0.298

2/38(5.3)

0.7(0.1–3.2)

0.596

Frequency of meals in a day

 Twice daily

3/10(30.0)

6.8(1.4–32.2)

0.016

2/10(20.0)

7.2(1.2–43.7)

0.033

 3 times daily

47/466(10.1)

Reference

 

48/465(10.3)

Reference

 

 4 times daily

9/157(5.7)

1.2(0.5–2.7)

0.743

4/157(2.6)

0.4(0.1–1.1)

0.084

Class group

 Kindergarten

15/167(9.0)

1.0 (0.5–2.3)

0.707

12/166(7.2)

0.5(0.2–21.7)

0.282

 Lower primary

26/242(10.7)

Reference

 

24/242(9.9)

Reference

 

 Upper primary

18/224(8.0)

0.7 (0.4–1.4)

0.307

18/224(8.0)

1.2(0.6–2.5)

0.596

Prob > chi2 = 0.0000, Pseudo R2 = 0.1143

Prob > chi2 = 0.0000, Pseudo R2 = 0.1340