| Â | Overall | Lifestyle | Metformin | Placebo |
|---|
Score change between years 0 and 1 and risk through end of DPPc |
 Cases/N | 611/2900 | 138/961 | 196/968 | 277/971 |
 Based | 0.83 (0.75, 0.91) | 0.69 (0.56, 0.84) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) | 0.84 (0.72, 0.97) |
 Multivariatee | 0.83 (0.75, 0.91) | 0.69 (0.56, 0.84) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) | 0.85 (0.73, 0.98) |
Score change between year 0 and 1 and risk through year 15f |
 Cases/N | 1490/2900 | 463/961 | 481/968 | 546/971 |
 Based | 0.87 (0.81, 0.92) | 0.80 (0.71, 0.89) | 0.95 (0.85, 1.06) | 0.86 (0.78, 0.96) |
 Multivariatee | 0.87 (0.82, 0.93) | 0.81 (0.72, 0.90) | 0.95 (0.85, 1.06) | 0.87 (0.78, 0.96) |
Time-dependent Score (years 0 to 15) and risk through year 15f |
 Cases/N | 1580/3147 | 486/1044 | 515/1044 | 579/1059 |
 Based | 0.87 (0.82, 0.93) | 0.82 (0.73, 0.91) | 0.95 (0.85, 1.06) | 0.85 (0.77, 0.94) |
 Multivariatee | 0.88 (0.83, 0.93) | 0.82 (0.74, 0.92) | 0.95 (0.85, 1.06) | 0.85 (0.77, 0.94) |
- AICR American Institute for Cancer Research, DPP Diabetes Prevention Program, WCRF World Cancer Research Fund. Results with significant p-values (p<0.05) are bolded. Data shown are HR for incident diabetes per one-point positive change in Score
- aThe N included examining Score change between years 0 and 1 is slightly lower than the time-dependent Score analysis because some participants were missing year 1 nutrition data but have subsequent years’ nutrition data.
- bDiabetes is defined based on the 1997 American Diabetes Association criteria: fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L (≥ 126 mg/dL) measured every six months or 2-hour plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L (≥200 mg/dL) after a 75 g oral glucose load [21].
- cYear 0 through the end of the Diabetes Prevention Program represents a mean follow-up time of 3.2 years
- dBase model adjusted for age, sex, and baseline risk score
- eMultivariate model adjusted age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, family history of type 2 diabetes, smoking status, years of education, hormone therapy, baseline total caloric intake, and baseline risk score
- fDPPOS follow-up through January 2014 was included in the study, representing a mean follow-up time of 15 years
