Skip to main content

Table 2 Dietary composition and sources of food pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19 by household income and gender

From: Dietary trends among young adults during the COVID-19 lockdown: socioeconomic and gender disparities

Dietary composition

Pre-Covid

During Covid

Change

P-value

M

SD

M

SD

Meat

Lower income

29.32

18.89

28.07

16.57

-1.25

.271

Higher income

27.63

16.91

25.04

16.51

-2.59

.044

Male

34.32

16.74

30.49

15.56

-3.83

.042

Female

26.21

17.48

25.68

16.86

-0.53

.542

Fruits/vegetables

Lower income

22.75

12.95

22.11

12.31

-0.64

.578

Higher income

25.44

17.64

25.36

15.84

-0.08

.961

Male

20.38

10.96

19.92

10.92

-0.46

.721

Female

25.63

16.15

25.06

14.91

-0.57

.620

Dairy

Lower-income

17.57

10.64

18.29

11.64

0.72

.386

Higher-income

16.91

10.00

16.44

10.55

-0.47

.675

Male

16.66

9.61

16.58

11.23

-0.08

.954

Female

17.40

10.62

17.76

11.28

0.36

.626

Grains

Lower-income

13.78

11.56

12.05

11.29

-1.73

.014

Higher-income

13.96

12.19

13.83

12.40

-0.13

.856

Male

14.86

12.32

12.32

12.33

-2.54

.003

Female

13.39

11.56

12.70

11.55

-0.69

.261

Junk food

Lower-income

16.55

12.64

19.48

14.36

2.93

.049

Higher-income

16.06

13.74

19.32

15.04

3.26

.071

Male

13.69

11.51

20.68

15.78

6.99

.002

Female

17.37

13.54

18.80

14.24

1.43

.281

Source of food

 Restaurants

Lower-income

17.90

16.02

13.90

16.52

-4

.008

Higher-income

17.44

15.42

11.90

14.95

-5.54

.005

Male

18.55

18.67

14.44

16.00

-4.11

.050

Female

17.55

14.53

12.82

15.97

-4.73

.001

 Fast food

Lower-income

14.89

13.30

16.58

16.59

1.69

.209

Higher-income

15.40

13.28

11.77

13.64

-3.63

.013

Male

14.69

12.65

15.75

15.35

1.06

.543

Female

15.33

13.49

14.59

15.87

-0.74

.550

 Home cooked (pre-prepared)

Lower-income

16.90

16.64

16.57

16.66

-0.33

.778

Higher-income

16.28

18.54

17.56

19.26

1.28

.556

Male

21.65

21.30

20.30

20.94

-1.35

.651

Female

14.68

15.20

15.40

15.99

0.72

.463

 Home-cooked (by scratch)

Lower-income

41.08

24.39

40.33

26.81

-0.75

.729

Higher-income

40.81

26.05

46.41

29.01

5.6

.040

Male

35.69

23.29

37.03

26.11

1.34

.698

Female

43.04

25.04

44.66

28.02

1.62

.403

 Junk food

Lower-income

9.34

10.32

12.43

10.91

3.09

.002

Higher-income

10.07

10.92

12.36

12.22

2.29

.115

Male

9.52

11.69

12.20

10.70

2.68

.037

Female

9.46

9.88

12.48

11.76

3.02

.004

  1. M, Mean, SD, Standard Deviation. The test statistic is a paired sample t test comparing food composition and sources of food from before the pandemic to the first few months of the pandemic. Statistical significance was established at P < .05
Back to article page

BMC Nutrition

ISSN: 2055-0928

Contact us