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Table 3 Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for MetS, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension across quartiles of DILa and DIIb scores

From: Association between dietary insulin index and load with cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of metabolic syndrome among the patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

 

Quartiles of DIL

Quartiles of DII

Variablesc

Q1 (125)

Q2 (125)

Q3 (125)

Q4 (125)

P-valued

Q1 (125)

Q2 (125)

Q3 (125)

Q4 (125)

P-valued

MetSq

          

Crude

Ref

1.75(0.86–3.27)

1.06(0.55–1.94)

1.81(0.43–1.95)

0.07

Ref

1.77(0.94–3.31)

1.70(0.43–2.30)

1.63(0.83-

3.12)

0.08

Model 1

Ref

1.22(0.41–3.54)

1.73(0.64–4.43)

2.59(1.05–6.48)

0.04

Ref

1.25(0.36–2.85)

1.97(0.32–2.65)

1.72(1.15–4.22)

0.02

Model 2

Ref

1.47(0.83–3.94)

1.63(0.58–4.39)

2.16(1,02-4.25)

0.039

Ref

1.52(0.69–3.11)

1.86(0.72–2.09)

2.03(1.08–4.73)

0.034

Hyperglycemia

(FBS > 100 mg/dl)

          

Crude

Ref

0.67(0.07–2.71)

0.88(0.18–4.17)

1.64(1.04–4.48)

0.048

Ref

1.13(0.24–5.35)

0.92(0.14–5.81)

1.55(1.12–4.53)

0.03

Model 1

Ref

0.71(0.29–1.56)

1.04(0.2–5.04)

1.83(1.10–5.12)

0.039

Ref

1.04(0.19–4.69)

0.88(0.2–6.13)

1.46(1.06–3.72)

0.027

Model 2

Ref

2.10(0.91–4.85)

1.15(0.48–2.75)

1.69(1.08–4.96)

0.032

Ref

1.07(0.15–7.28)

1.27(0.12–8.43)

1.39 (1.04–4.12)

0.019

Hypertriglyceridemia

(TG > 150 mg/dl)

          

Crude

Ref

0.96(0.36–2.87)

1.13(0.41–2.08)

2.19(1.12–4.63)

0.034

Ref

2(0.75-

5.29)

1.41(0.54–3.68)

1.21(1.15–5.78)

0.02

Model 1

Ref

0.85(0.36–2.28)

1.06(0.43–2.63)

1.76(1.09–3.82)

0.025

Ref

1.90 (0.67–5.39)

1.33(0.48–3.87)

1.25(1.17–5.02)

0.017

Model 2

Ref

0.93(0.33–2.82)

1.02(0.36–2.89)

1.75(0.98–3.76)

0.08

Ref

1.10(0.26–4.72)

1.81(0.28–3.15)

2.56(0.84–5.63)

0.12

Hypercholesteremia

(Cho > 200 mg/dl)

          

Crude

Ref

0.6(0.28–1.35)

0.68(0.29–1.60)

0.58(0.26–1.37)

0.6

Ref

1.27(0.56–2.86)

0.81(0.33–1.97)

0.92(0.39–2.19)

0.76

Model 1

Ref

0.67(0.29–1.56)

0.71(0.38–1.73)

0.62(0.32–1.69)

0.74

Ref

1.21(0.53–2.92)

0.86(0.45–2.12)

0.88(0.38–2.31)

0.56

Model 2

Ref

0.64(0.23–1.49)

0.69(0.37–1.57)

0.65 (0.27–1.73)

0.62

Ref

1.30 (0.49–3.41)

0.73(0.23–2.40)

0.81(0.22–2.60)

0.85

Low HDL

(HDL < 40 mg/dl)

          

Crude

Ref

1.73(0.81–3.70)

1.01(0.45–2.23)

1.26(0.52–3.03)

0.46

Ref

1.23(0.57–2.62)

0.81(0.33–1.93)

1.27(0.55–2.89)

0.72

Model 1

Ref

1.80 (0.58–4.15)

1.05(0.38–2.38)

1.28 (0.48–3.19)

0.43

Ref

1.28 (0.55–2.84)

0.76(0.3–1.88)

1.23(0.48–2.76)

0.65

Model 2

Ref

2.10(0.91–4.85)

1.15(0.48–2.75)

1.33(0.52–3.36)

0.31

Ref

1.76(0.7–4.36)

1.16(0.37–3.64)

2.06 (0.63–6.23)

0.41

High Blood

Pressure (> 130/85)

          

Crude

Ref

1.02(0.39–2.68)

2.73(0.93–6.69)

1.52(0.63–3.68)

0.19

Ref

1.18(0.44–5.19)

1.13(0.4–5.19)

1.47(0.86–6.10)

0.33

Model 1

Ref

1.31(0.45–3.78)

2.13(0.81–5.62)

1.61(1.13–6.56)

0.026

Ref

1.13 (0.32–5.84)

1.01 (0.29–5.32)

1.88(0.45–5.84)

0.39

Model 2

Ref

1.22(0.4–3.65)

3.59(0.1–5.21)

1.15(0.75–6.19)

0.14

Ref

1.53 (0.12–5.39)

1.56(0.13–5.37)

1.52(0.12–5.39)

0.42

High WC

(WC > 95 cm)

          

Crude

Ref

0.87(0.69–1.08)

0.99(0.81–1.23)

1.07(0.89–1.32)

0.65

Ref

0.93(0.76–1.17)

1.24(0.96–1.49)

1.29(1.04–1.60)

0.01

Model 1

Ref

1.02(0.78–1.33)

1.20(0.86–1.79)

1.35(0.85–1.99)

0.27

Ref

0.92(0.69–1.12)

1.25(0.98–1.50)

1.28(1.01–1.84)

0.02

Model 2

Ref

1.20(0.9–1.57)

1.53(1.05–2.08)

1.64(1.00-2.59)

0.03

Ref

1.05(0.79–1.33)

1.39(1.08–1.81)

1.42(1.05–1.95)

0.026

  1. a DIL, dietary insulin load; bDII, Dietary insulin index; c Data are odds ratio and 95% confidence interval; d, obtained from binary logistic regression, FBS, fasting blood sugar; Cho, total cholesterol; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure;WC, waist circumference; q, clarified based on the Iranian modified National Cholesterol Education Program for Adults. Model 1, adjusted for age, sex and energy intake and Model 2, adjusted for sex and energy intake, BMI, physical activity, and duration of diabetes
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BMC Nutrition

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