Table 1 Socioeconomic/demographic characteristics

Sex of family head

Female

73.1

76.7

55.5

Male

26.9

23.3

44.5

Marital status

Single

9.3

25.2

Married

84.6

100

57.6

Widow/Divorce

6,1

17.2

Primary occupation

Farming /illegal logging

96.1

100

73.9

Worker

2,4

6.3

Trader

1.1

2.7

Retired

0.4

17.1

Age of the family head(Years)

≤30

17.7

29.6

3.9

31-39

21.3

14.8

12.4

40-49

23.1

18.5

21.9

50-59

22.7

13

22.5

60 and above

15.2

24.1

39.3

Level of education

No formal education

4.7

22.4

30.7

Primary education

63.6

56.9

39.1

Secondary education

31

20.7

28.6

University

0.7

1.6

Source of potable water

Unprotected

79,7

100

71,3

Protected

20,3

28,7

Quality of roof material

Roofingtile

2.5

7.8

Metal roof

62.5

92.2

thatch

2.9

30

Marantaceae /other leaves

32.1

70

Ownership of household durable goods

Motorcycle

Bicycle

Car

Refrigerator

Television

Radio

Electricity

27.4

3.6

3.2

2.2

36.8

56.3

44.8

8.3

88.4

0

0

0

100

4.3

0.9

1.7

1.7

15.7

14.3

6,1

Length of stay in the area

<1 year

3.5

10,3

1-2 years

3.6

1.1

>2 < 5 years

7.2

5.9

4 > 5 ≤ 10 years

6.1

9.2

>10 years

79.6

100

73.5

Place of residence before the study

In another part of the forest

9.3

22.9

In another forest

12.9

1.6

Inside the forest

3.2

90.9

3.1

In the same part of the forest

74.6

7.5

74

Main source of income

Salary

3.6

2.7

Occasional odd jobs

3

0.9

Agriculture

43.4

100

94.6

Illegal logging

1.4

1.8

Agriculture&trading

14.1

Agriculture & illegal logging

34.5

Household wealth index scores

0-1

2–4

5-7

15.2

53.5

31.5

100

54.4

45.6