Association between dietary polyphenols intake and an oxidative stress biomarker: interest of multiple imputation for handling missing covariates and outcomes

Table 3 Multivariate^a model of the association of polyphenol intakes with TBARs according to the method of handling missing values

Final models		Complete case analysis			Multiple imputation for covariates			Multiple imputation for covariates and outcome
		(n = 1,112)			(n = 2,116)			(n = 4,129)
		Estimation	se	p	Estimation	se	p	Estimation	se	p
Female gender		0.159	0.0282	<0.0001	0.134	0.0215	<0.0001	0.131	0.022	<0.0001
Age (/10 years)		0.044	0.020	0.027	0.023	0.0144	0.12	0.023	0.015	0.12
Intervention group		−0.028	0.022	0.20	−0.0146	0.0158	0.35	−0.015	0.017	0.40
Smoking status at inclusion	Never smoked	ref		0.13	ref		0.27	ref		0.18
	Former smoker	0.029	0.0241		0.025	0.0175		0.0261	0.017
	Smoker	0.069	0.035		0.032	0.027		0.0369	0.026
Number of dietary records		0.0013	0.0054	0.81	0.0007	0.0039	0.87	0.0007	0.0037	0.83
Energy intake (/1000, kcal/d)		−0.021	0.024	0.38	−0.04	0.017	0.023	−0.040	0.018	0.025
Alcohol intake at inclusion (log) (g/d)		0.0241	0.0082	0.0031	0.026	0.0061	<0.0001	0.023	0.0058	<0.0001
Plasma α-tocophérol (log) (μmol/L)		0.149	0.0414	0.00033	0.172	0.0358	<0.0001	0.177	0.0346	<0.0001
Plasma β-carotene (log) (μmol/L)					−0.034	0.0153	0.025	−0.0341	0.0149	0.024
Plasma Selenium (μmol/L)		0.1320	0.0598	0.027	0.103	0.045	0.021	0.106	0.041	0.010
Plasma Zinc (μmol/L)		0.0151	0.0055	0.0058	0.014	0.0043	0.0016	0.0129	0.0044	0.004
Catechins intake (mg/d)	> Q3	-	-	-	0.0798	0.0272	0.0033	0.034	0.017	0.047
Hydroxybenzoic acids intake (mg/d)	> Q3				−0.059	0.0268	0.0272	-

^aThe multivariable models first included eight subclasses of polyphenols (Dihydroflavonols, Proanthocyanidins, Theflavins, Catechins, Flavones, Flavonols, Hydroxybenzoic, Stilbenes) age, gender, intervention group, smoking status at inclusion, height and weight at inclusion, number of dietary records, energy intake, vitamin C, selenium, β-carotene, zinc, α-tocopherol, retinol, and alcohol intake at inclusion
Bold data indicate statistical significance

ISSN: 2055-0928