Associations between dietary patterns and biomarkers of nutrient status and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents in Germany: results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents in Germany (KiGGS)

Richter, Almut; Rabenberg, Martina; Truthmann, Julia; Heidemann, Christin; Roosen, Jutta; Thiele, Silke; Mensink, Gert B. M.

doi:10.1186/s40795-016-0123-1

Table 6 Associations between dietary patterns and biomarkers of nutrition status and cardiovascular risk factors, regression analysis

From: Associations between dietary patterns and biomarkers of nutrient status and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents in Germany: results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents in Germany (KiGGS)

	Boys												Girls
	Model 1^a						Model 2^b							Model 1^a				Model 2^b
Dietary pattern	‘Western’		‘Traditional’		‘Healthy’		‘Western’		‘Traditional’		‘Healthy’			‘Western and traditional’		‘Healthy’		‘Western and traditional’		‘Healthy’
Parameter	β	P for trend	β	P for trend	β	P for trend	β	P for trend	β	P for trend	β	P for trend		β	P for trend	β	P for trend	β	P for trend	β	P for trend
Folate 1 (ng/ml)^c	-0.4	0.093	-0.4	0.066	0.3	0.022	-0.4	0.169	-0.8	0.001	0.5	0.001		-0.4	0.042	0.1	0.751	-0.4	0.122	-0.2	0.382
N = 1364													N = 1203
Folate 2 (ng/ml)^c	-0.4	0.093	-0.5	0.010	-0.1	0.807	-0.2	0.531	-0.4	0.147	0.2	0.465		-0.4	0.025	0.6	0.028	-1.1	0.003	0.8	0.017
N = 778													N = 714
Vitamin B₁₂ (ng/l)^c	-14.6	0.049	-2.0	0.731	12.4	0.017	-19.8	0.052	-5.2	0.467	11.8	0.053		-18.4	0.013	20.0	0.002	-16.7	0.108	16.3	0.044
N = 2151													N = 1920
Ferritin (μg/l)^d	-1.9	0.145	1.4	0.166	0.1	0.911	-2.8	0.021	1.7	0.210	0.6	0.515		-0.0	0.984	1.1	0.126	-0.4	0.659	1.8	0.053
N = 2237													N = 1992
Systolic blood pressure (mmHG)^e	-0.8	0.069	-0.4	0.250	0.6	0.045	-0.7	0.107	0.2	0.571	0.6	0.078		-0.3	0.302	0.7	0.015	-0.8	0.066	0.4	0.370
N = 2297													N = 2024
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHG)^e	0.3	0.000	-0.2	0.412	0.2	0.372	-1.1	0.002	0.3	0.290	0.2	0.396		-0.2	0.397	0.3	0.196	-0.2	0.525	0.3	0.310
N = 2297													N = 2024
Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)^f	-0.7	0.537	0.1	0.905	0.7	0.389	-0.5	0.741	1.0	0.310	0.3	0.685		-1.4	0.137	-0.8	0.367	0.0	0.969	-1.0	0.337
N = 2307													N = 1743
HDL-C (mg/dl)^f	0.7	0.139	0.2	0.585	-0.7	0.034	0.8	0.109	-0.2	0.654	-0.1	0.718		-0.4	0.416	-1.0	0.010	0.5	0.360	-0.1	0.827
N = 2307													N = 1743
LDL-C (mg/dl)^f	0.2	0.861	0.0	0.948	0.8	0.209	0.1	0.911	0.7	0.409	0.3	0.645		-1.7	0.065	-0.5	0.516	-0.6	0.620	-0.4	0.739
N = 2308													N = 1743
Homocysteine (μmol/l)	0.2	0.166	0.2	0.182	-0.4	0.000	0.1	0.345	0.1	0.435	-0.4	0.000		0.3	<.000	-0.3	<.000	0.3	0.003	-0.3	0.000
N = 2305													N = 2021
Uric acid (mg/dl)	0.0	0.824	0.0	0.181	0.0	0.945	0.0	0.751	0.0	0.386	0.0	0.842		0.0	0.824	0.0	0.245	0.0	0.463	0.1	0.118
N = 2315													N = 2036
HbA1c (%)^g	0.0	0.673	0.0	0.107	0.0	0.742	0.0	0.923	0.0	0.240	0.0	0.638		0.0	0.586	0.0	0.726	0.0	0.214	0.0	0.811
N = 2306													N = 2023

Abbreviations: CI Confidence interval, HbA1c Glycohaemoglobin, HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol
^aModel 1: adjusted for age (years)
^bModel 2: adjusted for age (years), hours physical acitivty per week (continuous), smoking status (yes/no), regular alcohol consumption (yes/no), and total energy intake (continous). Analysis concerning blood lipids and blood pressure were additionally adjusted for BMI.
^cwithout persons with vitamin supplement use
^dwithout persons with mineral supplement use
^ewithout persons with cardiovascular medication
^fwithout persons with hormonal contraceptive use
^gwithout persons with diabetes or diabetes medication

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ISSN: 2055-0928

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