Table 1 Characteristics of pregnant Minangkabau women in late pregnancy (n = 88)
Characteristic | f | % | Mean | SD | Min | Max | Median |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 30.6 | 5:03 | 17 | 41 | 30.5 | ||
Gestational age (week) | 32.6 | 3.7 | 28 | 40 | 32 | ||
Number of pregnancy | 2.6 | 1.1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | ||
Upper arm circumference (cm) | 27.6 | 3.9 | 20 | 38 | 27 | ||
Skinfold thickness (cm) | 15.2 | 7.2 | 3 | 35 | 12 | ||
Serum 25(OH)D level (ng/mL) | 23.0 | 10.0 | 7.4 | 51.5 | 21.1 | ||
Deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) | 40 | 45.5 | |||||
Insufficiency (20–31 ng/mL) | 32 | 36.4 | |||||
Sufficiency (32–100 ng/mL) | 16 | 18.2 | |||||
Vitamin D intake (μg/1000 kcal/day) | 5.6 | 3.9 | 0.0 | 16.4 | 4.6 | ||
Sunlight exposed BSA (%) | 15.2 | 6.8 | 4.9 | 28.4 | 15.8 | ||
Duration of sunlight exposure (minute/day) | 110.8 | 156.7 | 0:00 | 990 | 60 | ||
< 30 | 26 | 29.5 | |||||
30–60 | 18 | 20.5 | |||||
> 60–120 | 25 | 28.4 | |||||
> 120 | 19 | 21.6 | |||||
Skin pigmentation type (Fitzpatrick’s scale) | |||||||
III | 1 | 1.1 | |||||
IV | 11 | 76 | |||||
V | 76 | 86.4 | |||||
Sunscreen use | |||||||
Regular | 7 | 8 | |||||
Irregular | 11 | 12.5 | |||||
Non-user | 70 | 79.5 | |||||