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Table 4 Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity among children aged 6–23 months

From: Determinants of infant and young complementary feeding practices among children 6–23 months of age in urban Pakistan: a multicenter longitudinal study

 

Dietary diversity

Univariate analysis

Multivariable analysis

No

Yes

Total

OR (95% CI)

P-value

OR (95% CI)

P-value

Breastfeeding

 Yes

52 (30.6)

118 (69.4)

170

3.93 (2.72–5.68)

< 0.0001

1.4 (0.88–2.22)

0.158

 No

364 (63.4)

210 (36.6)

574

Ref

 

Ref

 

Age

 6 months

155 (97.5)

4 (2.5)

159

Ref.

 

Ref

 

 9 months

106 (67.5)

51 (32.5)

157

18.64 (6.52–53.13)

< 0.0001

18.96 (6.63–54.19)

< 0.0001

 12 months

76 (49.4)

78 (50.6)

154

39.77 (14.03–112.69)

< 0.0001

40.25 (14.14–114.58)

< 0.0001

 18 months

41 (29.1)

100 (70.9)

141

94.51 (32.84–271.98)

< 0.0001

90.02 (30.84–262.77)

< 0.0001

 24 months

38 (28.6)

95 (71.4)

133

96.87 (33.51–280.02)

< 0.0001

82.14 (27.23–247.83)

< 0.0001

Gender

 Female

211 (54.7)

175 (45.3)

386

1.11 (0.83–1.48)

0.476

  

 Male

205 (57.3)

153 (42.7)

358

Ref.

   

Maternal education

 ≤ 14 Years

225 (60.5)

147 (39.5)

372

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

 > 14 Years

191 (51.3)

181 (48.7)

372

1.45 (1.08–1.94)

0.012

1.41 (0.96–2.07)

0.078

Mother’s age

 15–18 years

3 (60)

2 (40)

5

Ref.

   

 19–34 years

373 (56.2)

290 (43.7)

663

1.16 (0.19–7.02)

0.867

  

 ≥ 35 years

40 (52.6)

36 (47.4)

76

1.35 (0.21–8.54)

0.750

  

Number of children

 First child

164 (56)

129 (44)

293

Ref.

   

 < 2

135 (53.8)

116 (46.2)

251

1.09 (0.78–1.53)

0.609

  

 ≥ 2

117 (58.5)

83 (41.5)

200

0.9 (0.63–1.30)

0.578

  

Mother’s occupation

 Unemployed

356 (57.8)

260 (42.2)

616

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

 Employed

60 (46.9)

68 (53.1)

128

1.55 (1.06–2.27)

0.024

1.54 (0.95–2.50)

0.081

Household income

 50,000–75,000

182 (59.1)

126 (40.9)

308

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

 ≥ 75,000

234 (53.7)

202 (46.3)

436

1.25 (0.92–1.67)

0.143

1.22 (0.84–1.78)

0.294