Table 2 Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression of risk factors associated with underweight on childhood less than 5 years in Somali Region, Ethiopia, EDHS 2016

 0–24

124 (22.3%)

431 (77.7%)

1

1

 25–47

171 (34.1%)

330 (65.9%)

1.80 (1.37, 2.36)

1.67 (1.22, 2.28)***

0.001

 48–59

89 (31.4%)

194 (68.6%)

1.60 (1.16, 2.20)

1.70 (1.17, 2.46)**

0.005

 Male

204 (29.1%)

496 (70.9%)

1

1

 Female

180 (28.2%)

459 (71.8%)

0.95 (0.76, 1.21)

0.89 (0.68, 1.16)

 Urban

73 (27.0%)

197 (73.0%)

1

1

 Rural

311 (29.1%)

758 (70.9%)

1.11 (0.82, 1.49)

0.72 (0.45, 1.17)

 Single birth

376 (28.6%)

939 (71.4%)

1

1

 Multiple birth

8 (33.3%)

16 (66.7%)

1.25 (0.53, 2.94)

1.26 (0.48, 3.33)

 Over weight

60 (23.8%)

192 (76.2%)

1

1

 Normal weight

215 (28.4%)

542 (71.6%)

1.27 (0.91, 1.77)

1.10 (0.75, 1.61)

 Under weight

109 (33.0%)

221 (67.0%)

1.58 (1.09, 2.28)

1.29 (084, 1.98)

 Large

109 (25.2%)

324 (74.8%)

1

1

 Medium

160 (27.7%)

417 (72.3%)

1.14 (0.86, 1.51)

1.17 (0.85, 1.61)

 Small

115 (35.0%)

214 (65.0%)

1.60 (1.71, 2.19)

1.55 (1.08, 2.21)*

0.017

 Yes

259 (30.3%)

595 (69.7%)

1

1

 No

125 (25.8%)

360 (74.2%)

1.25 (0.98, 1.61)

0.84 (0.60, 1.18)

 Male

265 (29.2%)

642 (70.8%)

1

1

 Female

119 (27.5%)

313 (72.5%)

0.92 (0.71, 1.19)

0.98 (0.73, 1.31)

 Poor

302 (29.8%)

713 (70.2%)

1

1

 Medium

24 (30.8%)

54 (69.2%)

1.05 (0.64, 1.73)

0.96 (0.53,1.74)

 Rich

58 (23.6%)

188 (76.4%)

0.73 (0.53, 1.01)

0.59 (0.33, 1.06)

 1–2

73 (26.1%)

207 (73.9%)

1

1

 3–4

122 (30.0%)

285 (70.0%)

1.21 (0.86, 1.71)

1.16 (0.78, 1.75)

  > 4

189 (29.0%)

463 (71.0%)

1.16 (0.84, 1.59)

1.11 (0.75, 1.63)

 Improved

69 (28.5%)

173 (71.5%)

1

1

 Unimproved

315 (28.7%)

782 (71.3%)

1.01 (0.74, 1.37)

0.89 (0.61, 1.32)

 Non-anemic

46 (25.0%)

280 (70.9%)

1

1

 Anemic

287 (34.4%)

548 (65.6%)

1.57 (1.09, 2.26)

1.65 (1.12, 2.43)*

0.011