Table 4 Association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels with socio-demographic and clinicopathological parameters of Psoriasis cases and healthy controls

Gender

Male

Female

189 (59.6)

128 (40.4)

163 (86.2)

97 (75.8)

26 (13.8)

13 (24.2)

176 (61.8)

109 (38.2)

103 (58.5)

13 (11.9)

73 (41.5)

96 (88.1)

4.4 (2.6–7.4)

23.1 (11.4–46.8)

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Age group

< 40 years

≥ 40 years

112 (35.3)

205 (64.7)

96 (85.7)

164 (80.0)

16 (14.3)

41 (20.0)

95 (33.3)

190 (66.7)

49 (51.6)

67 (35.3)

46 (48.4)

123 (64.7)

5.6 (2.9–10.9)

7.3 (4.6–11.5)

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Smoking status

Non-Smoker

Smoker

254 (80.1)

63 (19.9)

197 (77.6)

63 (100.0)

57 (22.4)

00 (0.0)

208 (73.0)

77 (27.0)

72 (34.6)

44 (57.1)

136 (65.4)

33 (42.9)

6.5 (4.3–9.8)

48.3 (6.3-366.2)

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

Family History

No

Yes

-

-

-

252 (88.4)

33 (11.6)

88 (34.9)

28 (84.8)

164 (65.1)

05 (15.2)

1.00 (Ref.)

0.09 (0.03–0.26)

< 0.0001

Alcoholism

No

Yes

-

-

-

194 (68.1)

91 (31.9)

87 (44.8)

29 (31.9)

107 (55.2)

62 (68.1)

1.00 (Ref.)

1.7 (1.1–2.9)

0.04

Hypertension

No

Yes

-

-

-

146 (51.2)

139 (48.8)

76 (52.1)

40 (28.8)

70 (47.9)

99 (71.2)

1.00 (Ref.)

2.6 (1.6–4.3)

< 0.0001

Chronic Medication

No

Yes

-

-

-

223 (78.2)

62 (21.8)

108 (48.4)

08 (12.9)

115 (51.6)

54 (87.1)

1.00 (Ref.)

6.3 (2.8–13.9)

< 0.0001

Nail Changes

No

Yes

-

-

-

121(42.5)

164 (57.5)

69 (57.0)

47 (28.7)

52 (43.0)

117 (71.3)

1.00 (Ref.)

3.3 (2.0-5.4)

< 0.0001

Duration of Symptoms

< 5 years

≥ 5 years

-

-

-

177 (62.1)

108 (37.9)

87 (49.2)

29 (26.9)

90 (50.8)

79 (73.1)

1.00 (Ref.)

2.6 (1.6–4.4)

0.04

Severity of Disease

Mild

Moderate

Severe

-

-

-

12 (4.2)

125 (43.9)

148 (51.9)

05 (41.7)

96 (76.8)

15 (10.1)

07 (58.3)

29 (23.2)

133 (89.9)

1.00 (Ref.)

0.2 (0.06–0.7)

6.3 (1.8–22.4)

0.02

0.004